分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Clupeiformes (Herrings)
鯡形目 (Herrings) >
Engraulidae (Anchovies)
鯷科 (Anchovies) > Engraulinae
Etymology: Encrasicholina: Greek, egkrasicholos, -os, -on = mixed with spleen.
More on author: Fowler.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水; 深度上下限 0 - 50 m (Ref. 189). 熱帶; 25°N - 14°N, 165°W - 143°W (Ref. 189)
Eastern Central Pacific: endemic to Hawaii, but its use as a baitfish may spread its range.
中太平洋東部: 夏威夷的特有種, 但是它的使用作為一個，誘餌魚可能傳佈它的分佈範圍。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 7.5 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 189)
簡短描述
型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
背棘 (總數): 0; 臀棘 0; 臀鰭軟條: 13 - 15. Most specimens without pre-pelvic scutes, but some with 1 to 5 thin needle-like scutes. Maxilla tip blunt, reaching to front border of pre-operculum, but scarcely projecting beyond second supra-maxilla. Isthmus short, preceded by a small fleshy plate on urohyal between branchial membranes. Anal fin short, its origin behind base of last dorsal fin ray.
沒有前腹鰭鱗甲的大多數的標本, 但是一些具有 1 到 5個細的針狀鱗甲。 顎骨頂端鈍的, 延伸到前鰓蓋的前緣, 但是幾乎不突出超過第二個上顎骨。 峽部短, 在鰓蓋膜之間的尾舌骨上前面有一個小的肉質碟了。 臀鰭短, 它的起點在最後背鰭鰭條的基底後面。
Epipelagic (Ref. 58302). A schooling species living close inshore and entering bays, inlets, estuaries, canals and even penetrating into fish ponds, thus able to tolerate a wide range of salinities. Feeds mainly on planktonic crustacean larvae. Breeds throughout the year, with a peak in summer, spawning at night (between 2200 and 0200 hours) in bays and estuaries (Ref. 189).
表層帶.(參考文獻 58302) 一個群游性魚種生活近岸與灣內，小水灣，河口, 管甚至進入魚池塘之內, 如此能容忍寬範圍的鹽度。 主要吃浮游性甲殼類幼生。 全年繁殖, 在被在海灣與河口中產卵在晚上 (在 2200 與 0200 小時之間) 的夏天具有一個高峰.(參考文獻 189)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Spawn in bays and estuaries in school (Ref. 205). Spawning is said to be continuous throughout the season (Ref. 32412, 40290).中太平洋東部: 夏威夷的特有種, 但是它的使用作為一個，誘餌魚可能傳佈它的分佈範圍。
Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana, 1988. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 28 February 2017
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 誘餌: usually
更多資訊
參考文獻養殖養殖資訊品種遺傳學Electrophoreses遺傳率疾病加工NutrientsMass conversion
合作者照片Stamps, Coins Misc.聲音神經毒速度泳型鰓區Otoliths腦重體重比眼睛色素
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25 - 25.6, mean 25.3 °C (based on 32 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00977 (0.00544 - 0.01757), b=3.20 (3.04 - 3.36), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.30 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (K=1.7).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
