分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
石首魚科 (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Menticirrhus: Latin, mentum = beard, chin + Latin, cirrus = curly.
More on author: Girard.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 居於水底的; 深度上下限 ? - 14 m (Ref. 9118). 亞熱帶的; 37°N - 21°S, 123°W - 68°W
Eastern Pacific: California, USA to Peru.
東太平洋: 美國加州到祕魯。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 71.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 2850); 最大體重: 3.9 kg (Ref. 2850); 最大年齡: 8 年 (Ref. 56049)
Occur along sandy shores and in bays, usually in sandy surfs of exposed outer coast. Usually found in small groups; larger fish are more solitary. Feed on sand crabs, other small crustaceans, and worms (Ref. 9118). Spawning begins in July (Ref. 9118). Pelagic spawners (Ref. 56049). Cannot produce croaking sounds due to lack of air bladder. Considered a good food fish and is common in markets (Ref. 9118).
沿著沙的海岸生存與在海灣中, 通常在裸露外部的海岸沙海浪。 通常發現於小群魚群; 較大的魚更獨居性。 吃沙子螃蟹,其他的小型甲殼動物,與蠕蟲。 (參考文獻 9118) 產卵在七月開始。 (參考文獻 9118) 不能夠生產 croaking 聲音由於缺乏氣管。 被認為是一個好食用魚而且是常見於市場了。 (參考文獻 9118)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Pelagic spawner (Ref. 56049).東太平洋: 美國加州到祕魯。
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的
更多資訊
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合作者照片Stamps, Coins Misc.聲音神經毒速度泳型鰓區Otoliths腦重體重比眼睛色素
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 17.8 - 28.9, mean 23.6 °C (based on 262 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00933 (0.00531 - 0.01641), b=3.03 (2.88 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.50 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 2.9 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=2.5; tmax=8).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (34 of 100).