分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Perciformes/Percoidei (Perchs)
鱸形目 (Perchs) >
Percidae (Perches)
鱸科 (Perches) > Etheostomatinae
Etymology: Percina: Latin, diminutive of perch = perch (Ref. 45335); caprodes: Percina=a small perch; caprodes, Greek for resembling a pig (referring to the snout) (Ref. 79012).
More on author: Rafinesque.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 底中水層性. 溫帶; 60°N - 30°N
North America: St. Lawrence-Great Lakes, Hudson Bay and Mississippi River basins from Quebec to Saskatchewan in Canada south to Gulf of Mexico; and Atlantic and Gulf Slope drainages in the USA.
北美洲: 聖勞倫斯河-五大湖區, 哈得遜灣與從魁北克到加拿大的薩斯卡萬的密西西比河流域南至墨西哥灣; 而且在美國的大西洋斜坡與海灣斜坡流域。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 18.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5723); common length : 12.5 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 12193); 最大年齡: 3.00 年 (Ref. 12193)
Most common over gravel and sand in medium-sized rivers but can be found almost anywhere from small, fast-flowing rock-bottomed streams to vegetated lakes (Ref. 5723, 10294). Adults feed on larvae of midges, mayflies, caddisflies (especially hydropsychids), riffle beetles, stoneflies, limpets, and fish eggs (Ref. 10294). Eggs are found buried in the substrate (Ref. 7043).
在中等大小的河中最常見礫石之上與沙子但是幾乎在任何地方被發現於從小的, 快速流動的岩質底的溪流到長滿植物的湖泊.(參考文獻 5723,10294) 吃蚊，孚游類， caddisflies(尤其 hydropsychids) 的仔魚 , 急流甲蟲，石蠅，笠貝與魚卵。 (參考文獻 10294)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Spawns in running water on sand or fine roots over sand (Ref. 7471). Eggs are found buried in the substrate (Ref. 7043).北美洲: 聖勞倫斯河-五大湖區, 哈得遜灣與從魁北克到加拿大的薩斯卡萬的密西西比河流域南至墨西哥灣; 而且在美國的大西洋斜坡與海灣斜坡流域。
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)
人類使用
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參考文獻養殖養殖資訊品種遺傳學Electrophoreses遺傳率疾病加工NutrientsMass conversion
合作者照片Stamps, Coins Misc.聲音神經毒速度泳型鰓區Otoliths腦重體重比眼睛色素
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00537 (0.00235 - 0.01227), b=3.14 (2.94 - 3.34), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.46 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tmax=3; Fec=97-611).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
