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> Anguilliformes (Eels and morays) > Muraenidae (Moray eels) > Muraeninae
Etymology: Gymnothorax: Greek, gymnos = naked + Greek, thorax, -akos = breast (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Ayres.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ekologi

marina bottenlevande; djupintervall 1 - 40 m (Ref. 35581). Subtropical; 34°N - 2°S, 121°W - 90°W (Ref. 96339)

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Eastern Pacific: Point Conception in California, USA to southern Baja California in Mexico. Also known from the Galapagos Islands (Ref. 35581).

Size / Vikt / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 152 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 2850); rapporterad maxålder: 30 år (Ref. 56049)

Short description Morfologi | Morfometri

Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt): 0; Taggstrålar i analfenan 0; Ryggkotor: 146 - 154

Found common among rocks; lives in crevices or holes, usually with only head protruding. Very common in shallow reef areas (Ref. 35581). Feed mostly at night on crustaceans, octopuses and small fishes. Long-lived. Pelagic spawners (Ref. 56049).

Life cycle and mating behavior Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fecundity | Larver

Oviparous. Pelagic spawner (Ref. 56049).

Main reference Upload your references | referenser | Koordinator | Medarbetare

Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 18 August 2011

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Traumatogenic (Ref. 4690)

Human uses

Fiskeri: husbehovsfiske; Akvarium: Offentliga akvarier

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

Ytterligare information

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 18 - 28.3, mean 25.3 °C (based on 18 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00047 (0.00025 - 0.00089), b=3.28 (3.13 - 3.43), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278): 4.5 ±0.8 se; based on diet studies.

Resiliens (Ref. 120179): Låg, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 4,5-14 år (tmax=30).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Gymnothorax mordax (Ayres, 1859)