分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 底中水層性. 溫帶; 60°N - 45°N, 38°E - 51°E
Europe and Asia: Northern Caspian basin (Volga, Ural).
歐洲: 奧地利，德國，保加利亞，克羅埃西亞，匈牙利，羅馬尼亞，塞爾維亞共和國, 與可能波士尼亞赫塞哥維納聯邦，捷克，斯洛伐克亞，摩爾多瓦，俄國與烏克蘭。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 13.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 1441); 最大年齡: 5 年 (Ref. 59043)
背棘 (總數): 3; 背的軟條 (總數): 7; 臀棘 2-3; 臀鰭軟條: 6. Differs from its congeners in Caspian Sea basin by the possession of the following characters: longitudinal epithelial crests on predorsal scales; scale rows around caudal peduncle 14-16; scales on lateral line 42-43 + 2; dorsal fin with 7½ branched rays; and anal fin with 6½ branched rays (Ref. 59043).
Adults inhabit bottom of moderately flowing lowland rivers, preferring sand bottom. Are nocturnal benthic species feeding on insect larvae and other larger benthic invertebrates. Locally threatened due to pollution and river engineering (Ref. 59043).
棲息於河。 (參考文獻 26334) 夜行的底棲性, 吃昆蟲幼生與其他的比較大的底棲無脊椎動物。 (參考文獻 59043)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
歐洲: 奧地利，德國，保加利亞，克羅埃西亞，匈牙利，羅馬尼亞，塞爾維亞共和國, 與可能波士尼亞赫塞哥維納聯邦，捷克，斯洛伐克亞，摩爾多瓦，俄國與烏克蘭。
Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof, 2007. Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043)
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00501 (0.00327 - 0.00767), b=3.17 (3.05 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.38 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 1.8 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tmax=5; tm=2).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
