Bathyraja smirnovi, Golden skate

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Bathyraja smirnovi (Soldatov & Pavlenko, 1915)

Golden skate
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Bathyraja smirnovi   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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drawing shows typical species in Arhynchobatidae.

Classification / Names Populärnamn | synonymer | Catalog of Fishes(Släkte, Arter) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranchii (hajar och rockor) (sharks and rays) > Rajiformes (Skates and rays) > Arhynchobatidae (Softnose skates)
Etymology: Bathyraja: Greek, bathys = deep + Latin, raja, -ae = a ray (Raja sp) (Ref. 45335);  smirnovi: Named for 'Mr. Smirnov', Inspector of Fishes, who collected fishes from the Sea of Okhotsk (Ref. 89865).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ekologi

marina bottenlevande; djupintervall 100 - 1000 m. Temperate; - 36°N (Ref. 89865)

Utbredning Länder | FAO områden | Ekosystem | Förekomster | Point map | Utplanteringar | Faunafri

North Pacific: Sea of Okhotsk, Kuril Islands, and the Sea of Japan.

Size / Vikt / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 102 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 89865)

Short description Morfologi | Morfometri

This species is distinguished by the following characters: no blotches on the dorsal disc surface or a pair of white or dark blotches; dark blotch and band usually absent on the ventral disc surface; predorsal caudal vertebrae 80-87 (Ref. 123274).. Geographical variations are present in the populations of the seas of Japan and Okhotsk: number of total tail thorns, ranging from 21-33 (average and standard deviation: 27.3±2.9) (southern Sea of Japan) vs.19-29 (26.0 ± 2.3) (northern Sea of Japan), vs. 22-27 (24.3 ± 1.5) (Sea of Okhotsk) (P < 0.05) and the frequency distribution of tail thorn numbers was bimodal in the Sea of Japan [modes: 25 and 28,29 (southern); 25,26 and 28 (northern)], but unimodal in the Sea of Okhotsk (mode: 25) (Ref. 123274).

Biologi     Ordlista (t.ex. epibenthic)

Oviparous. Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205). Eggs are oblong capsules with stiff pointed horns at the corners deposited in sandy or muddy flats (Ref. 205). Egg capsules are 12.4-15.0 cm long and 8.7-9.0 cm wide (Ref. 41249, 41253). Depth range given by H. Ishihara (pers.comm. 07/07). Reported to feed primarily on amphipods, decapods, fishes, euphausids, and squid on Yamato Bank in the Sea of Japan. Maximum length reported 116 cm TL (Ref, 89865).

Life cycle and mating behavior Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fecundity | Larver

Oviparous, paired eggs are laid. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205). Eggs have horn-like projections on the shell (Ref. 205).

Main reference Upload your references | referenser | Koordinator : McEachran, John | Medarbetare

Misawa, R., A.M. Orlov, S.Y. Orlova, I.I. Gordeev, H. Ishihara, T. Hamatsu, Y. Ueda, K. Fujiwara, H. Endo and Y. Kai, 2020. Bathyraja (Arctoraja) sexoculata sp. nov., a new softnose skate (Rajiformes: Arhynchobatidae) from Simushir Island, Kuril Islands (western North Pacific), with special reference to geographic variations in Bathyraja (Arctoraja) smirnovi. Zootaxa 4861(4):515-543. (Ref. 123274)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Near Threatened (NT) (A2d); Date assessed: 29 August 2019

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless





Human uses

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

Ytterligare information

Länder
FAO områden
Ekosystem
Förekomster
Utplanteringar
Stocks
Ekologi
Föda
Födoslag
Födointag
Näringsinnehåll
Populärnamn
synonymer
Metabolik
Predatorer
Ekotoxikologi
Reproduktion
Könsmognad
Lek
Spawning aggregation
Fecundity
Ägg
Egg development
Age/Size
Tillväxt
Length-weight
Length-length
Length-frequencies
Morfometri
Morfologi
Larver
Larvdynamik
Rekrytering
Abundans
BRUVS
referenser
Vattenbruk
Vattenbruksprofil
Avelslinjer
Genetik
Electrophoreses
Ärftlighet
Sjukdomar
Behandling
Nutrients
Mass conversion
Medarbetare
Bilder
Stamps, Coins Misc.
Ljud
Ciguatera
Hastighet
Simsätt
Gälyta
Otoliths
Hjärnstorlek
Syn

Verktyg

Special reports

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Internet-källor

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Släkte, Arter | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome, nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, sök | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 0.6 - 3.8, mean 1.6 °C (based on 122 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00513 (0.00253 - 0.01042), b=3.12 (2.95 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278):  4.0   ±0.7 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resiliens (Ref. 120179):  Låg, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 4,5-14 år (Fec assumed to be <100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High vulnerability (61 of 100).