分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Gadiformes (Cods) >
Merlucciidae (Merluccid hakes)
Etymology: Merluccius: Latin, mar, maris = the sea + Latin, lucius = pike (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 深海底的; 非迁移的; 深度上下限 200 - 1000 m (Ref. 6605), usually 400 - ? m (Ref. 58452). 深水域; 17°S - 38°S, 10°E - 48°E (Ref. 58452)
Southeast Atlantic: Cape Frio, Namibia south to the Agulhas Bank and east to East London in South Africa. Western Indian Ocean: Madagascar Ridge (33°S,44°E).
東南大西洋: 那米比亞的 Frio 岬南至阿古拉斯淺堆而且東至在南非的東倫敦。 西印度洋: 馬達加斯加脊.(33個 °S,44 ° E)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 47.8 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 115 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 27121); common length : 60.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 1371)
简单描述
型态特徵 | 形态测量图
背棘 (总数): 1; 背的软条 (总数): 42-50; 臀棘 0; 臀鳍软条: 38 - 41. Body more slender than other hakes. Head large, about 25 to 30% of SL. Gill rakers short and thick with blunt tips. Pectoral fin tips reaching to level of anal fin origin. Color is steel gray on back, grading to silvery white ventrally.
身体更细长的超过其他的鳕鱼。 头部大的, 大约 25 到 30% SL。 鳃耙短与厚的与钝的顶端。 胸鳍顶端延伸到臀鳍起源的程度。 色彩是铁灰色的背面, 渐层色到腹面银白色的。
Found near the bottom. Feeds on fishes, mysids, euphausiids and squids. Young feed mainly on euphausiids, but the diet becomes polyphagous with growth. Cannibalism has been observed in larger individuals (Ref. 9583).
发现于靠近底部了。 吃鱼，糠虾，磷虾与乌贼。 幼鱼主要吃磷虾，但是食性随着成长变成多食症。 嗜食同类已经在较大的个体被观察。 (参考文献 9583)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
東南大西洋: 那米比亞的 Frio 岬南至阿古拉斯淺堆而且東至在南非的東倫敦。 西印度洋: 馬達加斯加脊.(33個 °S,44 ° E)
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
人类利用
渔业: 高经济性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 6.2 - 12, mean 7.5 °C (based on 17 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00525 (0.00348 - 0.00791), b=3.09 (2.96 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.9 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.09-0.12).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (65 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High vulnerability (55 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 7.36 [3.59, 25.05] mg/100g; Iron = 0.274 [0.058, 0.735] mg/100g; Protein = 17.3 [16.1, 18.5] %; Omega3 = 0.146 [0.078, 0.273] g/100g; Selenium = 28 [13, 66] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11.7 [2.4, 55.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.186 [0.127, 0.288] mg/100g (wet weight);
