分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Gadiformes (Cods)
鱈形目 (Cods) >
Macrouridae (Grenadiers or rattails)
鼠尾鱈科 (Grenadiers or rattails)
Etymology: Hymenocephalus: Named for its transparent membrane-like head covering (‘‘hymen head’’) and fragile nature of head bones (Ref. 100825).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 底中水層性; 非遷移的; 深度上下限 100 - 1400 m (Ref. 3587). 亞熱帶的; 43°N - 20°S, 97°W - 35°E (Ref. 1371)
Widespread: common in the tropical western Atlantic; Eastern Atlantic: from Portugal to Angola), the Mediterranean. Western Indian Ocean: off southern Somalia to Zanzibar, off Mozambique to Durban, along the Mascarene Ridge and off Maldives (Ref. 98298); including Gulf of Aden and Zanzibar (Ref. 26165).
東大西洋: 葡萄牙到安哥拉, 包括地中海。 西大西洋: 佛羅里達海峽經過墨西哥灣與加勒比海到巴西北部。 印度洋: 亞丁灣，桑吉巴與馬爾地夫.(參考文獻 26165)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 2.7, range 3 - 4 cm
Max length : 25.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3397); 最大年齡: 9 年 (Ref. 58045)
Most common at depths less than 500 m (Ref. 1371). Feeds predominantly on pelagic copepods, to a lesser extent on euphausiids and gammarian amphipods, and to a minor extent on shrimps, ostracods, cumaceans, other small crustaceans, and small fish (Ref. 1371). Due to its small size, it is not of significant interest to fisheries (Ref. 1371).
最常見在深度小於 500 公尺.(參考文獻 1371) 主要捕食大洋性的橈腳類的動物，少部分的磷蝦與夜蛾片腳類動物, 與對一個較小的範圍吃蝦子，介形蟲, cumaceans ，其他的小型甲殼動物與小魚.(參考文獻 1371) 由於它的體型小, 它不與漁場有重要的相關。 (參考文獻 1371)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
東大西洋: 葡萄牙到安哥拉, 包括地中海。 西大西洋: 佛羅里達海峽經過墨西哥灣與加勒比海到巴西北部。 印度洋: 亞丁灣，桑吉巴與馬爾地夫.(參考文獻 26165)
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 7.1 - 15.9, mean 12.6 °C (based on 338 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00162 (0.00101 - 0.00260), b=3.05 (2.91 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 6.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.18; tmax=9).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (41 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 61.2 [28.1, 133.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.77 [0.40, 1.46] mg/100g; Protein = 16.7 [14.9, 18.5] %; Omega3 = 0.262 [0.122, 0.517] g/100g; Selenium = 49 [19, 110] μg/100g; VitaminA = 29.1 [7.2, 127.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.02 [0.66, 1.63] mg/100g (wet weight);
