Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut; payau dasar (demersal). Subtropical; 46°N - 33°N, 10°W - 42°E
Eastern Atlantic: Atlantic coast from France to Morocco; also in the Mediterranean and Black seas and in the Suez Canal.
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 13.8 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 118193)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)): 11 - 13; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)): 225; Duri dubur 2; Sirip dubur lunak: 23 - 26. Diagnosis: Mature males with well-developed head-crest and anal gland in the first two anal-fin rays; sneaker males much smaller than nesting males and do not display male secondary sexual characters (Ref. 94108).
Facultative air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Adults occur in the intertidal zone and shallow bottoms, on rocks or sand between pebbles and vegetation (Ref. 5981). Often in brackish waters down to 5 ppt (Ref. 5981). Inhabit crevices or piddock holes, males remain in cavities above water-level during low tide (Ref. 5981). Feed on benthic invertebrates, mainly mollusks, also algae (Ref. 5981). Also ingest large amounts of aquatic insects and pupae (Ref. 94105). Oviparous (Ref. 205). Mature males adopt a passive role during courtship, rarely court females, do not defend nest territory, but provide parental care to eggs. Sneaker males assume a female-like behavior in order to approach the nests of nesting males and parasitically fertilize the eggs (Ref. 94113). Eggs are demersal and adhesive (Ref. 205). Has been reared in captivity (Ref. 35421).
Males court by nodding and undulating movements and drive females to spawning place by biting and butting (Ref. 5981) though this event is rarely done by the males, more or less adopting a passive role in the courtship (Ref 94113). Additionally, males don't defend a territory around the nest (Ref. 94113) though they guard eggs from several females (Ref. 5981, 94113).
Zander, C.D., 1986. Blenniidae. p. 1096-1112. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean, volume 3. UNESCO, Paris. (Ref. 5981)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: perikanan swasembada
informasi lanjut
AcuanBudidaya airprofil budidaya airStrainGenetikaElectrophoresesDiturunkanPenyakit-penyakitPengolahanNutrientsMass conversion
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 15 - 21.2, mean 18.8 °C (based on 615 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01072 (0.00842 - 0.01363), b=3.02 (2.95 - 3.09), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 2.2 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): Tinggi, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum kurang dari 15 bulan (K=0.50).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (25 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 127 [21, 405] mg/100g; Iron = 1.39 [0.52, 4.55] mg/100g; Protein = 4.16 [0.45, 7.88] %; Omega3 = 0.443 [0.183, 1.088] g/100g; Selenium = 8.2 [1.8, 25.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 25.1 [8.9, 69.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.24 [0.59, 2.46] mg/100g (wet weight);
