Classification / Names
Noms communs | Synonymes | Catalog of Fishes(Genre, Espèce) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Écologie
marin; saumâtre benthopélagique; profondeur 1 - 30 m. Tropical; 24°N - 2°S, 110°W - 75°W
Eastern Pacific: Mexico to Ecuador.
Taille / Poids / Âge
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 37.0 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 55763); common length : 20.0 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 55763)
Body oblong, moderately compressed, and somewhat deep (depth contained 2.5 to 2.7 times in standard length); mouth small and terminal, its posterior end located at the same level as the anterior rim of the eye; first gill arch with 18 to 23 gill rakers; dorsal fin deeply notched, with 12 to 14 spines and 13 to 14 soft rays (XII-IV, 13-14); dorsal and anal fins with a scaly sheath, the soft portions with international scales; second anal spine much stronger and longer than third; back dark brown or gray; belly silvery; back and flanks with 4 or 5 indistinct, dark, transverse bars (sometimes absent); operculum sometimes with a small, dark spot (Ref. 55763).
Found near the littoral zone of coastal waters (Ref. 9114). Penetrates estuaries (Ref. 9114). Marketed fresh (Ref. 9114). Depth range assumed (RF).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturité | Reproduction | Frai | Œufs | Fécondité | Larves
Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).
Tavera, J., A. Acero P. and P.C. Wainwright, 2018. Multilocus phylogeny, divergence times, and a major role for the benthic-topelagic axis in the diversification of grunts (Haemulidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 121(2018):212-223. (Ref. 125434)
Statut dans la liste rouge de l'IUCN (Ref. 130435)
Menace pour l'homme
Harmless
Utilisations par l'homme
Pêcheries: commercial
Plus d'informations
RéférencesAquacultureProfil d'aquacultureSouchesGénétiqueElectrophoresesHéritabilitéPathologiesTraitementNutrientsMass conversion
CollaborateursImagesStamps, Coins Misc.SonsCiguateraVitesseType de nageSurface branchialeOtolithesCerveauxVision
Outils
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Sources Internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 26.3 - 29.1, mean 28.2 °C (based on 136 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01288 (0.00809 - 0.02051), b=3.06 (2.93 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Niveau trophique (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Résilience (Ref.
120179): Milieu, temps minimum de doublement de population : 1,4 à 4,4 années (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (27 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 100 [20, 195] mg/100g; Iron = 0.829 [0.431, 1.599] mg/100g; Protein = 18.2 [16.4, 20.1] %; Omega3 = 0.225 [0.100, 0.413] g/100g; Selenium = 44.2 [24.1, 80.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 33.7 [15.0, 75.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.5 [1.0, 2.2] mg/100g (wet weight);
