分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 ? - 48 m (Ref. 9710). 亞熱帶的; 42°N - 35°S, 98°W - 34°W
Western Atlantic to Southwest Atlantic: Rhode Island, USA to southeastern Brazil.
西大西洋: 羅德島州, 美國到巴西東南方。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 10.8 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 38.8 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 26340); common length : 20.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3821); 最大体重: 400.00 g (Ref. 5217)
背棘 (总数): 0; 背的软条 (总数): 11-12; 臀棘 0; 臀鳍软条: 11. Greenish above, pale yellow to white below; back has series of pale lines and arcs suggesting concentric circles with intersecting lines. No other puffer has this color pattern (Ref. 26938).
呈绿色的上方, 白黄色的到腹面白色的; 背面有具有横断线建议同中心的圆圈的成列的灰白线与弧。 没有其他的河豚有这一个彩色斑纹。 (参考文献 26938)
Commonly found in bays, tidal creeks and protected coastal waters, especially on seagrass beds, and in brackish water. Rare or absent on coral reefs. Does not form schools, but may form huge aggregates. Hides in the sand when frightened (Ref. 9710). Feeds mainly on bivalves, gastropods, foraminiferans and several other benthic invertebrates specially crustaceans, which it crushes with its powerful teeth (Ref. 35237). To ward off predators, it inflates itself like a balloon. Highly toxic; used to poison cats and dogs (Ref. 2861).
普遍地栖息于海湾，潮汐的小溪与有遮蔽的沿岸水域, 尤其在海草床上, 与在半淡咸水。 稀有的或在珊瑚礁上不存在。 不会形成鱼群, 但是可能形成极大的聚集。 当被惊吓时躲在沙子中。 (参考文献 9710) 特别地主要吃二枚贝，腹足动物, 有孔虫与一些其他的底栖无脊椎动物甲壳动物, 它压碎用它的有力齿.(参考文献 35237) 为了守护外海的掠食者，它像一个气球一样膨胀自己。 高度有毒; 用来了毒药猫与狗。 (参考文献 2861)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Spawning season is from late spring to early fall at Biscayne Bay, Florida. Mean length at first maturity is over 13 cm TL. 西大西洋: 羅德島州, 美國到巴西東南方。
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
人类利用
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参考文献养殖养殖信息品种遗传学Electrophoreses遗传率疾病加工NutrientsMass conversion
合作者照片Stamps, Coins Misc.声音神经毒速度泳型鳃区Otoliths脑重体重比眼睛色素
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 22.9 - 28, mean 25.6 °C (based on 472 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02042 (0.01697 - 0.02457), b=2.93 (2.88 - 2.98), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.41 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 2.2 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.51; rel. fec=1.146 eggs/ g body weight).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (22 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 32.1 [11.0, 104.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.721 [0.352, 1.490] mg/100g; Protein = 19.9 [17.7, 22.1] %; Omega3 = 0.248 [0.115, 0.488] g/100g; Selenium = 17.2 [7.6, 39.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 29.4 [8.7, 102.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.919 [0.596, 1.423] mg/100g (wet weight);
