分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Scombriformes (Mackerels) >
Scombridae (Mackerels, tunas, bonitos) > Scombrinae
Etymology: Scomberomorus: Latin, scomber = mackerel + Greek, moros = silly, stupid (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243). 熱帶; 21°N - 36°S, 90°W - 29°W (Ref. 168)
Western Atlantic: along the Caribbean and Atlantic coasts of Central and South America from Belize to Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Literature records for Scomberomorus maculatus from the Caribbean and the Atlantic coasts of Central and South America apply to Scomberomorus brasiliensis, which has erroneously been considered a synonym of Scomberomorus maculatus by many authors.
西大西洋: 沿著對 Rio Grande do Sul 巴西的中美洲與南美洲從貝里斯的加勒比海與大西洋海岸。 給 Scomberomorus maculatus 從加勒比海與中美洲與南美洲的大西洋海岸的文獻記錄適用於 Scomberomorus brasiliensis, 已經錯誤地被許多作家被認為是一個 Scomberomorus maculatus 的同種異名。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 37.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 125 cm FL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 168); common length : 65.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9987); 最大体重: 6.7 kg (Ref. 40637)
背棘 (总数): 17 - 19; 背的软条 (总数): 15-19; 臀棘 2; 臀鳍软条: 16 - 20; 脊椎骨: 47 - 49. Snout much shorter than rest of the head. Interpelvic process short and bifid. Lateral line gradually curving down toward caudal peduncle. Body entirely covered with small scales, no anterior corselet developed. Pelvic fins relatively short. Intestine with 2 folds and 3 limbs. Swim bladder absent. Sides silvery with several rows of round yellowish bronze spots. First dorsal fin black.
吻远短于其余的头部。 腹鳍间的突起短与两裂的。 侧线逐渐地对于尾柄弯曲下来。 身体完全地覆盖着小鳞片了,没有前面的甲胄发展。 腹鳍相当短的。 肠道有 2 摺层与 3 肢翼。 泳鳔不存在。 侧边银色的有圆淡黄色的青铜色的斑点的几排。 第一背鳍黑色。
Does not migrate extensively, although some seasonal movement appears to occur off Trinidad. Feeds largely on fishes, with smaller quantities of penaeid shrimps and loliginid cephalopods. Most of the catch is consumed fresh, but in Brazil some is salted and some has been canned. Also utilized smoked and frozen; used for ceviche (Ref. 9987).
不会广泛地移动, 虽然一些季节性的运动似乎出现外海的特立尼达和多巴哥。 主要地吃鱼，与少量的对虾与枪鱿鱼科头足类动物。 大部分的捕捉被生鲜消费，但是在巴西一些是盐腌而一些已经被装于罐头。 也利用烟熏而且冻结; 用来了 ceviche 。 (参考文献 9987)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
西大西洋: 沿著對 Rio Grande do Sul 巴西的中美洲與南美洲從貝里斯的加勒比海與大西洋海岸。 給 Scomberomorus maculatus 從加勒比海與中美洲與南美洲的大西洋海岸的文獻記錄適用於 Scomberomorus brasiliensis, 已經錯誤地被許多作家被認為是一個 Scomberomorus maculatus 的同種異名。
Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 2. Scombrids of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of tunas, mackerels, bonitos and related species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(2):137 p. (Ref. 168)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.9 - 28, mean 27.5 °C (based on 176 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00776 (0.00472 - 0.01275), b=2.96 (2.82 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.18; tm=3-4).
Prior r = 0.56, 95% CL = 0.37 - 0.84, Based on 2 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (67 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (75 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 8.97 [3.62, 31.76] mg/100g; Iron = 0.344 [0.142, 0.904] mg/100g; Protein = 20.4 [18.8, 22.0] %; Omega3 = 0.117 [0.072, 0.195] g/100g; Selenium = 54.5 [16.0, 179.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 77 [14, 433] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.793 [0.457, 1.403] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
