分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Scombriformes (Mackerels) >
Scombridae (Mackerels, tunas, bonitos) > Scombrinae
Etymology: Scomber: Greek, skombros = tunny or mackerel, 1623 (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cuvier.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 87 - 200 m (Ref. 9563). 亞熱帶的; 43°N - 50°S, 32°E - 110°W (Ref. 168)
Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea, Persian Gulf; from Japan, south to Australia and New Zealand. Eastern Pacific: Hawaii and off Mexico (Socorro Island).
西太平洋: 中國與日本到澳洲與紐西蘭, 東至夏威夷群島但是相當稀有的在熱帶水域中。 東太平洋: 梭克羅與雷維拉吉哥多島，墨西哥.(參考文獻 9340) 族群從紅海與印度洋北部 (亞丁灣與阿曼) 是 Scomber australasicus 而不是 japonicus 。 (參考文獻 27328)
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 44.0 cm FL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 40637); common length : 30.0 cm FL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 168); 最大体重: 1.4 kg (Ref. 40637)
背棘 (总数): 10 - 13; 背的软条 (总数): 12; 臀棘 0; 臀鳍软条: 12; 脊椎骨: 31. No well developed corselet but body covered with rather small scales. Palatine narrow. Anal fin origin clearly more posterior than that of second dorsal fin. Anal fin spine independent from anal fin. Swim bladder present. Snout pointed. Interpelvic process small and single. Back with narrow oblique lines which zigzag and undulate; the belly is pearly white and marked with thin, wavy broken lines.
没有发展良好的甲胄但是身体相当覆盖着小鳞片了。 上颚的狭窄。 臀鳍起源清楚较向后超过第二背鳍鳍。 臀鳍棘与臀鳍分开。 有泳鳔。 吻端尖的。 腹鳍间的突起小的与单个。 背面有狭窄的斜线曲折与波动的; 腹面是浅蓝灰色白色而且有显着的细, 波浪状的断掉线。
Occurs in coastal waters (Ref. 9340) and also in oceanic waters (Ref. 9563). Minimum depth reported at 87 m (Ref. 58489); fishing depths to 265 m (cited in Ref. 58302). Schooling by size which may include jack mackerels and Pacific sardines. They are plankton feeders filtering copepods and other crustaceans, but adults also feed on small fish and squids. Also caught with encircling nets (Ref. 9340). Marketed fresh, dried-salted, smoked, canned and frozen (Ref. 9987).
出现于沿岸水域 (参考文献 9340) 以及在大洋性水域中.(参考文献 9563) 依大小形成鱼群那可能包括鰺科鱼类鲭与太平洋的沙丁鱼。 他们是浮游生物捕食者过滤桡脚类的动物与其他的甲壳动物，但是成鱼也吃小鱼与乌贼。 也用围网捕获。 (参考文献 9340) 在市场上销售生鲜地了,乾燥盐腌,烟熏了, 罐装及冷冻.(参考文献 9987)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
西太平洋: 中國與日本到澳洲與紐西蘭, 東至夏威夷群島但是相當稀有的在熱帶水域中。 東太平洋: 梭克羅與雷維拉吉哥多島，墨西哥.(參考文獻 9340) 族群從紅海與印度洋北部 (亞丁灣與阿曼) 是 Scomber australasicus 而不是 japonicus 。 (參考文獻 27328)
Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 2. Scombrids of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of tunas, mackerels, bonitos and related species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(2):137 p. (Ref. 168)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的; 诱饵: usually
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 10.8 - 24.3, mean 18.7 °C (based on 185 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00912 (0.00799 - 0.01041), b=3.05 (3.01 - 3.09), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.28).
Prior r = 0.57, 95% CL = 0.38 - 0.86, Based on 2 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (43 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Low to moderate vulnerability (30 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 52.1 [17.4, 129.4] mg/100g; Iron = 2 [1, 5] mg/100g; Protein = 21 [20, 22] %; Omega3 = 0.392 [0.257, 0.600] g/100g; Selenium = 74.3 [27.5, 192.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 24.7 [5.9, 109.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.822 [0.487, 1.377] mg/100g (wet weight);
