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Larvae Information Summary for  Umbra pygmaea
( not available )

Main Ref: Jones, P.W., F.D. Martin and J.D. Hardy Jr. 1978
Yolk-sac larvae
  max min mod Ref.
Length at birth (mm)   5.4    
Preanal L. % TL        
Place of development in open nest
Larval area Mid-Atlantic Bight
Yolk-sac other     Ref:  
Yolk   Oil globules more than one oil globule
Melanophores on head + trunk melanophores on head + trunk
Head deflected downward at hatching, but apparently not attached to yolk; yolk mass somewhat flattened at hatching, more than half absorbed by 6.0 mm. Mouth open at 6.0 mm. Anlagen of pectorals formed at hatching. Finfold apparently continuous around and beyond yolk at hatching; constricted at mid-body and in area of vent and bluntly pointed at posterior end at 6.0 mm. Incipient rays in caudal fin at 6.0 mm. Pigmentation: Chromatophores on dorsal surface of head and eye, and above and below body in basicaudal region at hatching. At 6.00 mm, chromatophores along dorsal surface of body, in a line between body and yolk, in a heavy blotch ventrally in region of future anal fin, throughout eye, and on top and sides of head and snout.
Post larvae
Striking feature none
Striking shape lateral normal (not striking) dorsal tadpole-like
Striking feature none
Shape of gut  
Gas bladder   early   late  
Spinal armature   early no spines late no spines
Pectorals normal  
Pelvics normal (i.e. small or absent)  
Incipient rays in dorsal at 8.5 mm. Finfold constricted near caudal region and with distinct postdorsal notch at 8.5 mm.
  L 1st feeding Ref. Months of presence of larvae
max     Jan Feb Mar Apr
min   May Jun Jul Aug
mod     Sep Oct Nov Dec
Water parameters     Metric characters
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