| Main Ref. | Sokolov, L.I. and L.S. Berdicheskii, 1989 |
| Mode | dioecism |
| Fertilization | external |
| Mating type | |
| Spawning frequency | variable throughout range |
| Spawning aggregation | Ref. |
| Batch spawner | Yes. Ref. Maitland, P.S. and R.N. Campbell, 1992 |
| Reproductive guild |
nonguarders open water/substratum egg scatterers |
| Parental Care | none |
| Description of life cycle and mating behavior | Spawns once a year for several years in low productivity streams, but exhibits multiple spawning within a season in high productivity environments (Ref. 40290, 40756). Releases eggs above substrate which drift with current, sink to the bottom and stick to substrate. Larvae and juveniles occur on the bottom and prefer detritus-rich sandy habitats and low current (Ref. 59043). |
| Search for more references on reproduction | Scirus |
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