Main Ref. | Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990 |
Mode | dioecism |
Fertilization | external |
Mating type | |
Spawning frequency | one clear seasonal peak per year |
Spawning aggregation | Ref. |
Batch spawner | Ref. |
Reproductive guild |
nonguarders open water/substratum egg scatterers |
Parental Care | none |
Description of life cycle and mating behavior | Females produce about 6,000-90,000 eggs per year. From the shores, enters river mouths over sandy or rocky bottoms for spawning. Spawning sites are distributed in channels between islands or in depressions between the shore and shallow banks with strong tidal currents. |
Search for more references on reproduction | Scirus |