| 主要參考文獻 | García-Cagide, A., R. Claro and B.V. Koshelev, 1994 |
| 模態 | true hermaphroditism |
| 受精 | external |
| Mating type | monogamy:facultative |
| 產卵頻度 | |
| Spawning aggregation | 參考文獻 |
| 批次產卵者 | 參考文獻 |
| 生殖同功群 |
nonguarders open water/substratum egg scatterers |
| Parental Care | none |
| 生命周期與交配行為的描述 | Displays facultative monogamy where males are constrained to mate with a single female due to resource limitation (Ref. 52884). Pelagic spawner (Ref. 32216). |
| 搜尋有關繁殖更多的參考資料 | Scirus |