| 主要参考文献 | Allen, G.R., 1975 |
| 模态 | protandry |
| 受精 | external |
| Mating type | monogamy:obligate |
| 产卵频度 | No obvious seasonal peak |
| Spawning aggregation | 参考文献 |
| 批次产卵者 | Yes. 参考文献 |
| 生殖同功群 |
guarders nesters |
| Parental Care | paternal |
| 生命周期与交配行为的描述 | Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205). Monogamous mating is observed as both obligate and social (Ref. 52884). Eggs are demersal and adhere to the substrate (Ref. 205). Males guard and aerate the eggs (Ref. 205). One pair spawns several times per year. Annual fecundity is estimated to be 2,000 to 4,000 eggs. Size at sex change = 5.4 cm TL (Ref. 55367). Also Ref. 240, 7471. |
| 搜寻有关繁殖更多的参考资料 | Scirus |