| Main Ref. | Charney, P., 1976 |
| Mode | dioecism |
| Fertilization | external |
| Mating type | |
| Spawning frequency | throughout the year, but peaking once |
| Spawning aggregation | Ref. |
| Batch spawner | Ref. |
| Reproductive guild |
bearers external brooders |
| Parental Care | |
| Description of life cycle and mating behavior | Are mouthbrooders (Ref. 240, 58878). Spawning may occur throughout the year (Ref. 39366). Distinct pairing during courtship and spawning (Ref. 205). |
| Search for more references on reproduction | Scirus |
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