n = 56
| Scientific Name | Author | Valid Name | Family | English Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Serrasalmus aesopus | Cope, 1872 | Serrasalmus maculatus | Serrasalmidae | |
| Serrasalmus altispinis | Merckx, Jégu & Santos, 2000 | Serrasalmus altispinis | Serrasalmidae | |
| Serrasalmus altuvei | Ramírez, 1965 | Serrasalmus altuvei | Serrasalmidae | |
| Serrasalmus antoni | (Fernández-Yépez, 1965) | Pristobrycon striolatus | Serrasalmidae | |
| Serrasalmus aureus | (Spix & Agassiz, 1829) | Pristobrycon aureus | Serrasalmidae | |
| Serrasalmus auriventris | (Burmeister, 1861) | Serrasalmus auriventris | Serrasalmidae | |
| Serrasalmus bilineatus | (Eigenmann, 1909) | Pristobrycon calmoni | Serrasalmidae | |
| Serrasalmus boekeri | Ahl, 1931 | Serrasalmus rhombeus | Serrasalmidae | Redeye piranha |
| Serrasalmus brandti | (Lütken, 1875) | Serrasalmus brandtii | Serrasalmidae | White piranha |
| Serrasalmus brandtii | Lütken, 1875 | Serrasalmus brandtii | Serrasalmidae | White piranha |
| Serrasalmus calmoni | (Steindachner, 1908) | Pristobrycon calmoni | Serrasalmidae | |
| Serrasalmus caribe | Valenciennes, 1850 | Pygocentrus cariba | Serrasalmidae | Black spot piranha |
| Serrasalmus citharus | Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1809 | Citharinus citharus | Citharinidae | Moon fish |
| Serrasalmus coccogenis | Fowler, 1911 | Pristobrycon calmoni | Serrasalmidae | |
| Serrasalmus compressus | Jégu, Leão & Santos, 1991 | Serrasalmus compressus | Serrasalmidae | |
| Serrasalmus denticulatus | Cuvier, 1819 | Pygopristis denticulata | Serrasalmidae | Lobetoothed piranha |
| Serrasalmus eigenmanni | Norman, 1929 | Serrasalmus eigenmanni | Serrasalmidae | |
| Serrasalmus elongatus | Kner, 1858 | Serrasalmus elongatus | Serrasalmidae | Slender piranha |
| Serrasalmus emarginatus | (Jardine, 1841) | Serrasalmus emarginatus | Serrasalmidae | |
| Serrasalmus fernandezi | Fernández-Yépez, 1965 | Serrasalmus irritans | Serrasalmidae | |
| Serrasalmus geryi | Jégu & Santos, 1988 | Serrasalmus geryi | Serrasalmidae | |
| Serrasalmus gibbus | Castelnau, 1855 | Serrasalmus gibbus | Serrasalmidae | |
| Serrasalmus gouldingi | Fink & Machado-Allison, 1992 | Serrasalmus gouldingi | Serrasalmidae | |
| Serrasalmus gymnogenys | Günther, 1864 | Pristobrycon aureus | Serrasalmidae | |
| Serrasalmus hastatus | Fink & Machado-Allison, 2001 | Serrasalmus hastatus | Serrasalmidae | |
| Serrasalmus hollandi | Eigenmann, 1915 | Serrasalmus hollandi | Serrasalmidae | |
| Serrasalmus humeralis | Valenciennes, 1850 | Serrasalmus humeralis | Serrasalmidae | Pirambeba |
| Serrasalmus iridopsis | Cope, 1872 | Serrasalmus humeralis | Serrasalmidae | Pirambeba |
| Serrasalmus irritans | Peters, 1877 | Serrasalmus irritans | Serrasalmidae | |
| Serrasalmus maculatus | Kner, 1858 | Serrasalmus maculatus | Serrasalmidae | |
| Serrasalmus manueli | (Fernández-Yépez & Ramírez, 1967) | Serrasalmus manueli | Serrasalmidae | |
| Serrasalmus marginatus | Valenciennes, 1837 | Serrasalmus marginatus | Serrasalmidae | |
| Serrasalmus medinae | Ramírez, 1965 | Serrasalmus medinai | Serrasalmidae | |
| Serrasalmus medinai | Ramírez, 1965 | Serrasalmus medinai | Serrasalmidae | |
| Serrasalmus medini | Ramírez, 1965 | Serrasalmus medinai | Serrasalmidae | |
| Serrasalmus mento | Cuvier, 1819 | Catoprion mento | Serrasalmidae | Wimple piranha |
| Serrasalmus nalseni | Fernández-Yépez, 1969 | Serrasalmus nalseni | Serrasalmidae | |
| Serrasalmus neveriensis | Machado-Allison, Fink, López Rojas & Rodenas, 1993 | Serrasalmus neveriensis | Serrasalmidae | |
| Serrasalmus niger | Jardine, 1841 | Serrasalmus rhombeus | Serrasalmidae | Redeye piranha |
| Serrasalmus nigricans | Spix & Agassiz, 1829 | Serrasalmus nigricans | Serrasalmidae | |
| Serrasalmus nigricauda | (Burmeister, 1861) | Serrasalmus nigricauda | Serrasalmidae | |
| Serrasalmus normani | Géry, 1964 | Serrasalmus rhombeus | Serrasalmidae | Redeye piranha |
| Serrasalmus notatus | Lütken, 1875 | Pygocentrus cariba | Serrasalmidae | Black spot piranha |
| Serrasalmus odyssei | Hubert & Renno, 2010 | Serrasalmus odyssei | Serrasalmidae | |
| Serrasalmus pingke | Fernández-Yépez, 1951 | Serrasalmus elongatus | Serrasalmidae | Slender piranha |
| Serrasalmus piraya | Cuvier, 1819 | Pygocentrus piraya | Serrasalmidae | San Francisco piranha |
| Serrasalmus punctatus | Jardine, 1841 | Pygopristis denticulata | Serrasalmidae | Lobetoothed piranha |
| Serrasalmus rhombeus | (Linnaeus, 1766) | Serrasalmus rhombeus | Serrasalmidae | Redeye piranha |
| Serrasalmus sanchezi | Géry, 1964 | Serrasalmus sanchezi | Serrasalmidae | |
| Serrasalmus scotopterus | (Jardine, 1841) | Serrasalmus scotopterus | Serrasalmidae | |
| Serrasalmus serrulatus | (Valenciennes, 1850) | Serrasalmus serrulatus | Serrasalmidae | |
| Serrasalmus spilopleura | Kner, 1858 | Serrasalmus spilopleura | Serrasalmidae | Speckled piranha |
| Serrasalmus stagnatilis | (Jardine, 1841) | Serrasalmus stagnatilis | Serrasalmidae | |
| Serrasalmus striolatus | (Steindachner, 1908) | Pristobrycon striolatus | Serrasalmidae | |
| Serrasalmus ternetzi | Steindachner, 1908 | Pygocentrus nattereri | Serrasalmidae | Red piranha |
| Serrasalmus undulatus | (Jardine, 1841) | Serrasalmus undulatus | Serrasalmidae |