Melanorivulus kayabi (Costa, 2008)

Family:  Rivulidae (Rivulines), subfamily: Rivulinae
Max. size:  2.99 cm SL (male/unsexed); 2.89 cm SL (female)
Environment:  benthopelagic; freshwater; pH range: 5.7 - 6
Distribution:  South America: middle and upper reaches of the Tapajós river basin in Brazil.
Diagnosis:  Dorsal soft rays (total): 8-10; Anal soft rays: 12-14; Vertebrae: 30-31. Differs from all other species of the subgenus Melanorivulus by the possession of the following combination of characters: flank with red marks arranged in chevron-like pattern with vertex on the ventral part of the flank; pelvic fin usually with 6 rays, or sometimes 7 when including a rudimentary ray; scales in the longitudinal series 31-33; dorsal portion of the caudal fin in females with a horizontal series of white spots; pectoral fin with 13 rays; caudal fin with 28-31 rays; and flank in both sexes with conspicuous red bars (Ref. 76937). Description: longitudinal series of scales 31-33; transverse series of scales 8. Caudal fin elliptical (Ref. 76937).
Biology:  Inhabits shallow portions of streams and swamps, usually about 0.10-0.30 m deep, with clear water (Ref. 76937).
IUCN Red List Status: Least Concern (LC); Date assessed: 07 November 2018 Ref. (130435)
Threat to humans:  harmless


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