Hasemania kalunga Bertaco & Carvalho, 2010

Family:  Characidae (Characins; tetras), subfamily: Stethaprioninae
Max. size:  5.33 cm SL (male/unsexed)
Environment:  benthopelagic; freshwater; depth range - 1 m
Distribution:  South America: known from its type locality in the upper rio Tocantins basin, tributary of rio das Almas in Goiás state, Brazil.
Diagnosis:  Dorsal soft rays (total): 10-10; Vertebrae: 34-36. Diagnosed from members of the genus Hasemania by the following characters: 11-21 perforated lateral line scales (vs. 5-9, except from Hasemania crenuchoides and Hasemania piatan); presence of a black vertically-elongate humeral spot (vs. absence, except from Hasemania crenuchoides, Hasemania nambiquara, and Hasemania piatan); and absence of scale sheath along anal-fin base (vs. presence, except from Hasemania maxillaris and Hasemania piatan). Differs further from Hasemania crenuchoides by having interorbital width 27.6-31.3 % of HL (vs. 34.0-35.6% of HL) and caudal peduncle length 13.9-17.4 % of SL (vs. 17.9-21.8% of SL); from Hasemania hanseni, Hasemania maxillaris, and Hasemania nambiquara by having 12-15 branched anal-fin rays (vs. 16-19); from Hasemania hanseni, Hasemania melanura and Hasemania nana by the presence of 1-2 maxillary teeth (vs. teeth absent); and from Hasemania piatan by having 19 principal caudal-fin rays (vs. 18), 33-36 longitudinal scale series (vs. 27-32), and presence of caudal spot (vs. absence in Hasemania piatan); and also from Hasemania nambiquara by the absence of a broad horizontal black band in the midlateral body (Ref. 83954). Description: Dorsal fin ii,8; anal fin ii-iv,13-14; pectoral fin i,10-13; pelvic fin i,6; 4-5 scale rows between lateral line and pelvic-fin insertion (Ref. 83954).
Biology:  Found along the margins of semilentic stretches of a shallow, clear water river, greatest depth of 1.20 m, width of 1.5 to 10 m, with sand and leaves on the bottom, with moderate submerged vegetation (mainly Poaceae and Cyperaceae) and a little riparian vegetation (shrubs). Feeds largely on Formicidae, followed by Diptera, Chlorophyta, unidentified vegetal organic matter, and insects fragments in lesser amount (Ref. 83954).
IUCN Red List Status: Least Concern (LC); Date assessed: 07 November 2018 Ref. (130435)
Threat to humans:  harmless


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