Cynolebias leptocephalus Costa & Brasil, 1993
photo by Hellner, S

Family:  Rivulidae (Rivulines), subfamily: Cynolebiinae
Max. size:  12.53 cm SL (male/unsexed); 8.94 cm SL (female)
Environment:  benthopelagic; freshwater; pH range: 5 - 6.5, non-migratory
Distribution:  South America: Middle São Francisco River basin in Brazil.
Diagnosis:  Dorsal soft rays (total): 17-19; Anal soft rays: 19-22; Vertebrae: 35-36. Second pharyngobranchial elongated. Convex dorsal profile above pectoral-fin base not pronounced. Larger males (>9 cm SL) with deeper body (35.5 - 36.8 % SL). Pelvic fin longer with tip reaching base of 4th anal fin rays. Dorsal-fin rays 17-19 in males, 17 in females; anal-fin rays 20-22 in males, 19-21 in females; caudal fin rays 30. Caudal and pectoral fin rounded. Snout gently pointed with lower jaw slightly elongated. Supraorbital neuromasts 31-42 (Ref. 40938).
Biology:  Bottom spawner, ? months incubation (Ref. 27139).
IUCN Red List Status: Endangered (EN); Date assessed: 07 November 2018 (B1ab(ii,iii,iv)) Ref. (130435)
Threat to humans:  harmless


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