Main Ref. | Boraey, F.A. and F.M. Soliman, 1987 |
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Remarks | Found in coastal waters, entering estuaries (Ref. 30573), in sandy and muddy areas (Ref. 9137). Juveniles and/or adults are found near inshore and far inshore waters (Ref. 121464). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Soft Bottom: sand; |
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Substrate Ref. | Broad, G., 2003 |
Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. | Nguyen, N.T. and V.Q. Nguyen, 2006 |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Boraey, F.A. and F.M. Soliman, 1987 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Boraey, F.A. and F.M. Soliman, 1987 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 3.08 | 0.10 | 3.15 | 0.31 | Troph of juv./adults from 4 studies. |
From individual food items | 3.32 | 0.44 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Boraey, F.A. and F.M. Soliman, 1987 |