Referencia principal | Wetherbee, B.M., S.H. Gruber and E. Cortes, 1990 |
---|---|
Observaciones | It occurs in all tropical and warm-temperate seas. They sometimes congregate over sea mounts or around offshore islands (Ref. 54301). A coastal-pelagic, semi-oceanic shark occurring over continental and insular shelves and adjacent deep water, often approaching close inshore and entering enclosed bays and estuaries (Ref. 244, 11230, 58302). Found in inshore and offshore waters to about 275 m depth (Ref. 26938, 11230, 58302); has been filmed at a baited camera in 512 m depth (Lis Maclaren, pers. Comm. 2005). Huge schools of small migrating individuals move pole ward in the summer in certain areas (Ref. 244). Permanent resident populations also exist (Ref. 244). Feeds mainly on teleost fishes, cephalopods and zooplankton (Ref. 568, 6871); also lobsters, shrimps, crabs (Ref. 30573), including other sharks and rays (Ref. 37816). Pelagic. Feeds on surface-dwelling fishes. Juveniles tend to form schools and forage near the bottom. Inhabits inshore waters then migrates to deeper waters with age (Ref. 9773). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
Substrate | Pelagic; |
---|---|
Substrate Ref. | Al-Abdessalaam, T.Z.S., 1995 |
Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. |
Referencia | Compagno, L.J.V., 1998 |
---|---|
Associations | solitary; schooling; |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | Adults solitary, in pairs, or schools; young in large schools (Refs. 13562, 9773). |
Parasitism |
Tipo De Alimentación | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
---|---|
Feeding type Ref. | Cortés, E., 1999 |
Hábito De Alimentación | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Wetherbee, B.M., S.H. Gruber and E. Cortes, 1990 |
Estimation method | Muestra original | Población no pescada | Observación | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
De la composición de la dieta | 4.08 | 0.45 | 4.00 | 0.57 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. |
De tipos individuales de alimento | 4.50 | 0.88 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Referencia | Cortés, E., 1999 |