Main Ref. | Lieske, E. and R. Myers, 1994 |
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Remarks | Found in deep inner to outer reef habitats (Ref. 9137, 48635). Occur singly or in aggregations along coral slopes of clear lagoon and seaward reefs. Juveniles solitary on shallow protected reefs (Ref. 48635). Feed on benthic invertebrates in open sand flats and seagrass beds at night (Ref. 9710). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. | Nguyen, N.T. and V.Q. Nguyen, 2006 |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
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Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Lieske, E. and R. Myers, 1994 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Lieske, E. and R. Myers, 1994 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.88 | 0.59 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |