| 主要參考文獻 | Williams, A., J.A. Koslow, A. Terauds and K. Haskard, 2001 |
|---|---|
| 附註 | Oceanic and mesopelagic; occurs at between 608-728 m during the day and between 57-110 m at night. |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
| Substrate | |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | |
| Special habitats | |
| Special habitats Ref. |
| 參考文獻 | |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| 攝取食物的類型 | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Williams, A., J.A. Koslow, A. Terauds and K. Haskard, 2001 |
| 攝取食物的習慣 | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Feeding habit Ref. |
| Estimation method | 最初的樣本 | 不捕獲族群 | 附註 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| 從食物內容 | 3.19 | 0.33 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. | ||
| 從個別的食物項目 | 3.07 | 0.21 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| 參考文獻 | Williams, A., J.A. Koslow, A. Terauds and K. Haskard, 2001 | ||||