| Main Ref. | Post, A., 1990 |
|---|---|
| Remarks | Juveniles found near the surface; adults mesopelagic below 500 m (Ref. 27121). May occur at depths greater than 2,000 m (Ref. 6536). Feeds on small crustaceans and planktonic organisms. |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
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| Substrate | |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | |
| Special habitats | |
| Special habitats Ref. |
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Bianchi, G., K.E. Carpenter, J.-P. Roux, F.J. Molloy, D. Boyer and H.J. Boyer, 1999 |
| Feeding habit | variable |
| Feeding habit Ref. | Bianchi, G., K.E. Carpenter, J.-P. Roux, F.J. Molloy, D. Boyer and H.J. Boyer, 1999 |
| Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| From diet composition | |||||
| From individual food items | 3.45 | 0.48 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | |||||