| Thông tin chủ yếu | Teugels, G.G., 1986 |
|---|---|
| Các chú thích | Occurs in inshore waters of the continental shelf (Refs. 75154, 9773). Inhabits mangroves and coastal bays (Refs. 4887, 9773); also found in coral reefs (Ref. 58534). Forms schools (Ref. 4887), or singly (Ref. 48635). Mainly diurnal. Fast swimming in midwater in pursuit of zooplankton (Ref. 48635). In Hawaii, more abundant from March to October (Ref. 4887). Feeds mainly on fishes (Ref. 26908). Feeds on crustaceans and cephalopods (Refs. 5213, 9773). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrate | |
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| Substrate Ref. | |
| Special habitats | |
| Special habitats Ref. | Letourneur, Y., P. Chabanet, P. Durville, M. Taquet, E. Teissier, M. Parmentier, J.-C. Quéro and K. Pothin, 2004 |
| Tài liệu tham khảo | |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| Dạng thức ăn | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Honebrink, R., 1990 |
| Nơi ăn mồi | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Feeding habit Ref. |
| Estimation method | Mẫu nguyên thủy (gốc) | Chủng quần không được khai thác | Chú thích | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| Từ thành phần dinh dưỡng | 4.22 | 0.50 | 4.11 | 0.60 | Troph of juv./adults from 2 studies. |
| Từ các loại thức ăn | 3.27 | 0.46 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Tài liệu tham khảo | Yamashita, Y., N. Piamthipmanus and K. Mochizuki, 1987 | ||||