Sweden country information

Common names: Bleka, Lyrtorsk, Lyrtorsk bleka
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Occurrence: Native and regular (Ref. 30402).
National Checklist: Sweden checklist - Fish
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/sw.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990
National Database: Swedish Museum of Natural History

Common names from other countries

Lieu jaune, Abadejo, European pollock, ... more

Classification / Names Populärnamn | synonymer | Catalog of Fishes(Släkte, Arter) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Gadiformes (Cods) > Gadidae (Cods and haddocks)
Etymology: Pollachius: Scottish dialect, podlock, paddle = bumpfish (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ekologi

marina bentopelagisk; havsvandrande (Ref. 51243); djupintervall 40 - 200 m (Ref. 6302), usually 40 - 100 m (Ref. 54707). Temperate; 72°N - 36°N, 25°W - 28°E

Utbredning Länder | FAO områden | Ekosystem | Förekomster | Point map | Utplanteringar | Faunafri

Northeast Atlantic: Iceland, the Faeroes and Norway to the Bay of Biscay (Ref. 1371); also southern Baltic Sea (Ref. 89342) with records from Poland, Latvia and Estonia (Refs. 36252, 52079).

Length at first maturity / Size / Vikt / Age

Maturity: L_m 41.0, range 42 - ? cm
Max length : 130 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 1371); common length : 75.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 1371); publicerad maxvikt: 18.1 kg (Ref. 40637); rapporterad maxålder: 8 år (Ref. 1371)

Short description Morfologi | Morfometri

Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt): 0; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt): 29-33; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 27 - 30; Ryggkotor: 52 - 55. Lower jaw distinctly projecting beyond upper ones. Lacks a chin barbel. Dark lateral line that sharply curves over the pectoral fin and continues over whole body. No dark spot at pectoral fin base. Dorsal and anal fin interspaces short. Sensory canals with large pores on head. Body color is variable; dark dorsally, sharply distinguished from silver-gray sides and belly; the upper part of the body with yellow to orange streaks or blotches; the lateral line greenish. The fins uniformly dark except for the pelvic fins which are yellowish.

Found in inshore waters but also down to 200 m depth, in areas with hard bottoms. Juveniles are pelagic, spending 2-3 years near the coast including rocky areas, kelp beds, sandy shores and estuaries (Ref. 1371, 58137, 89343, 89362). Juveniles may form schools with saithe (Pollachius virens) (Ref. 88187), and have also been found solitary and defending their feeding territory (Refs. 42174, 89363). Larger individuals move to the open sea and are often found around rocky areas at 40-100 m depth (Ref. 1371). Also observed around shipwrecks and oil platforms (Ref. 88187). Adults occur singly or in small dispersed shoals but is known to form dense shoals on spawning grounds (Ref. 89364). Suggested to undertake spawning migrations (Ref. 88171). Caught as bycatch in cod and saithe fisheries. Flesh is dry but of good flavor (Ref. 35388). Classified as a "hearing generalist" (89365); has also been found to produce sound. Juveniles have been reported to make repeated short grunts during competitive feeding and aggressive encounters (89366).

Life cycle and mating behavior Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fecundity | Larver

Oviparous and gonochorous (Ref. 205).

Main reference Upload your references | referenser | Koordinator | Medarbetare

Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 16 October 2013

CITES (Ref. 128078)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fiskeri: kommersiell; sportfisk: ja

FAO(Vattenbruk: produktion; fiskeri: produktion, species profile; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 7 - 11.9, mean 8.9 (based on 283 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00708 (0.00603 - 0.00831), b=3.08 (3.04 - 3.12), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278): 4.3 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.

Resiliens (Ref. 120179): Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (K=0.19; tmax=8).

Prior r = 0.63, 95% CL = 0.42 - 0.95, Based on 3 stock assessments.

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High vulnerability (59 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): Very high vulnerability (82 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Low.

Pollachius pollachius (Linnaeus, 1758)