| Main Ref. | Pereira, E.H.L., F. Vieira and R.E. Reis, 2010 |
| Appearance refers to | |
| Bones in OsteoBase |
| Specialized organs | |
| Different appearance | |
| Different colors | |
| Remarks | Adult males with cheeks (postrostral and cheek plates) covered with hypertrophied odontodes; large soft fleshy lobes extending along the entire lateral margins of head (this soft fleshy area ornamented with short hypertrophied odontodes, ca. perpendicular to the body axis); unbranched pectoral-fin ray very thick from the base to approximately three-fourths of its length, with distal portion soft and with somewhat short hypertrophied odontodes on outer and ventral surfaces; fully developed males have well-developed flashy flap along the entire length of the dorsal margin of the pectoral-fin spine; unbranched pelvic-fin ray with developed dermal flap on dorsal surface, extending to ray tip and distinctly higher near fin base. |
| Striking features | |
| Body shape lateral | elongated |
| Cross section | |
| Dorsal head profile | |
| Type of eyes | |
| Type of mouth/snout | |
| Position of mouth | |
| Type of scales | |
| Diagnosis |
This species is distinguished from its congeners by having the following combination of characters: abdomen entirely covered with small platelets imbedded in skin and irregularly scattered from pectoral girdle to pelvic-fin insertions (vs. abdomen totally naked or with 1-4 small platelets on each side just posterior to gill opening in P. parmula and P. nasuta ); it is distinguished further from P. parmula by having 51-71 premaxillary teeth (vs. 31-48), 24-28 lateral plates in the median series (vs. 28-31), longer snout length (62.1-70.0 vs. 53.8-63.0% HL); from P. nasuta by having a shorter snout length 62.1-70.0 (vs. 71.1-75.6% HL) and a larger orbital diameter 11.9-14.8 (vs. 8.6-11.3% HL) (Ref. 84022). |
| Ease of Identification |
| Lateral Lines | Interrupted: No |
| Scales on lateral line | |
| Pored lateral line scales | |
| Scales in lateral series | |
| Scale rows above lateral line | |
| Scale rows below lateral line | |
| Scales around caudal peduncle | |
| Barbels | |
| Gill clefts (sharks/rays only) | |
| Gill rakers | |
| on lower limb | |
| on upper limb | |
| total | |
| Vertebrae | |
| preanal | |
| total |
| Attributes | |
| Fins number | |
| Finlets No. | Dorsal |
| Ventral | |
| Spines total | |
| Soft-rays total | |
| Adipose fin |
| Attributes |
| Fins number | |
| Spines total | |
| Soft-rays total |
| Pectoral | Attributes |
| Spines | |
| Soft-rays | |
| Pelvics | Attributes |
| Position | |
| Spines | |
| Soft-rays |