Morphology Data of Spratellomorpha bianalis
Identification keys
Abnormalities
Main Ref. Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985
Appearance refers to
Bones in OsteoBase

Sex attributes

Specialized organs no special organs
Different appearance males alike females
Different colors males alike females
Remarks

Descriptive characteristics of juvenile and adult

Striking features none
Body shape lateral fusiform / normal
Cross section oval
Dorsal head profile more or less straight
Type of eyes more or less normal
Type of mouth/snout more or less normal
Position of mouth terminal
Type of scales cycloid scales
Diagnosis

Diagnosis: Body elongate, a little compressed; belly rounded, without pre-pelvic and post-pelvic scutes, but a pelvic scute present with slender vertical arms; gillrakers 26-31; pelvic fin with 1 unbranched and 7-8 branched finrays, well before dorsal fin origin; last two anal finrays separate, forming a distinct little finlet (Ref. 188, 117486, 121271). This species is distinguished from other clupeids by the presence of 2 anal fins, of which the second anal fin comprises 2 finrays (Ref. 188, 121271).

Description: Body elongate, a little compressed, belly rounded (Ref. 188, 117486). Body depth 15-22% of standard length; head length 25.2-27.7% of standard length (Ref. 117486, 118219, 121271). Pre-dorsal distance 51-58% of standard length; pre-anal distance 68-75% of standard length; pre-pelvic distance 47-55% of standard length (Ref. 117486, 118219, 121271). Snout pointed, a little shorter than eye diameter; jaws subequal, lower projecting slightly; maxilla longer than snout, reaching vertical through anterior border of the eye; a single supra-maxilla, expanded posteriorly, almost equal in length to maxilla in depth, with a narrow anterior shaft; a single row of conical teeth on pre-maxilla and maxilla (Ref. 117486, 118219). Gillrakers 26-31 on lower part of first gill arch (Ref. 188, 117486, 121280). Dorsal fin with 14-17 rays, dorsal fin origin a little nearer caudal fin base than tip of snout; a double anal fin, first part with 14-16 rays and second part with 2 rays, the last two rays of anal fin separated from others by a gap equal to three rays, anal fin origin nearer to pelvic fin base than to caudal fin base; pectoral fin with 1 unbranched and 11-12 branched rays; pelvic fin with 1 unbranched and 7-8 branched rays; pelvic fin origin in front of dorsal fin origin, nearer to anal fin base than to pectoral fin base (Ref. 94656, 117486, 118219, 121271). Scales: 41-45 scales in a longitudinal series; 8-9 transversal scales (Ref. 117486, 118219, 121271). Abdominal scutes entirely absent, but a pelvic scute with slender lateral arms present (Ref. 188, 117486). Branchiostegal rays 6 (Ref. 121271). Vertebrae 45-46; with 16-17 caudal vertebrae (Ref. 118219, 121271).

Colouration: Fresh specimens mainly translucent; dorsal and lateral surfaces very light brown, peritoneum white; a faint, poorly defined, silvery to golden lateral band from operculum to caudal base, widest behind dorsal base, narrower than pupil of eye; a few brown spots on head between orbits, post-orbital surface of head brown; two parallel rows of minute black spots on median dorsal surface from the nape to the dorsal origin and continued from the last dorsal ray to the caudal base; snout and tip of lower jaw faintly yellowish with a few small dark spots; lower jaw, sides of head and operculum silvery; bases of dorsal and caudal fin yellowish, caudal rays with minute orange spots and a few scattered melanophores; two black lines on caudal base and a black streak on the upper border of the caudal peduncle; a row of black spots along base of anal and first two rays of pectoral fin with a few melanophores, rest of fins colourless (Ref. 117486). Preserved specimens with dorsal side brown; a faint, poorly defined, silvery midlateral stripe on the flanks from operculum to caudal base; ventral side whitish; with a sigmoid spot at the base of the caudal fin (Ref. 117486, 118219, 121271).

Ease of Identification

Meristic characteristics of Spratellomorpha bianalis

Lateral Lines Interrupted: No
Scales on lateral line
Pored lateral line scales
Scales in lateral series 41 - 45
Scale rows above lateral line
Scale rows below lateral line
Scales around caudal peduncle
Barbels
Gill clefts (sharks/rays only)
Gill rakers
on lower limb 26 - 31
on upper limb
total
Vertebrae
preanal
total 45 - 46

Fins

Dorsal fin(s)

Attributes no striking attributes
Fins number 1
Finlets No. Dorsal   
Ventral  
Spines total 0 - 0
Soft-rays total 14 - 17
Adipose fin absent

Caudal fin

Attributes forked; more or less normal

Anal fin(s)

Fins number 2
Spines total 0 - 0
Soft-rays total 16 - 18

Paired fins

Pectoral Attributes  more or less normal
Spines     0
Soft-rays   12 - 13
Pelvics Attributes  more or less normal
Position    abdominal  before origin of D1
Spines     0
Soft-rays   8 - 9
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