分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Acanthuriformes (Surgeonfishes)
鱸形目 (Surgeonfishes) >
Acanthuridae (Surgeonfishes, tangs, unicornfishes)
刺尾鯛科 (Surgeonfishes, tangs, unicornfishes) > Acanthurinae
Etymology: Acanthurus: Greek, akantha = thorn + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bloch.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 2 - 25 m (Ref. 7345), usually 2 - 15 m (Ref. 27115). 亞熱帶的; 22°C - 25°C (Ref. 27115); 43°N - 30°S, 98°W - 14°W (Ref. 55164)
Western Atlantic: Massachusetts (USA), Bermuda, and the northern Gulf of Mexico to São Paulo, Brazil. Eastern Atlantic: Senegal.
西大西洋: 麻薩諸塞州 (美國) ，百慕達群島, 與墨西哥灣北部到聖保羅巴西。 東大西洋: 塞內加爾。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ?, range 17 - ? cm
Max length : 39.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 47377); common length : 35.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5217); 最大体重: 5.1 kg (Ref. 40637)
背棘 (总数): 9; 背的软条 (总数): 24-25; 臀棘 3; 臀鳍软条: 22 - 23. Caudal fin slightly emarginate (Ref. 13442). Body gray, with 10 well-spaced, narrow, darker gray vertical bars on side (Ref. 26938).
尾鳍边缘微凹.(参考文献 13442) 身体灰色, 具有 10 有些间隔, 在侧边上的狭窄又深灰色纵带.(参考文献 26938)
Inhabits shallow reefs or rocky areas. Found in loose aggregations (Ref. 9710). Mainly diurnal. Ingests sand when feeding on algae (Ref. 13442). The spine on both sides of the caudal peduncle may inflict painful wounds (Ref. 5217). Minimum depth reported from Ref. 27115. Larvae are planktonic (Ref. 47377). At Fernando de Noronha Archipelago in southwestern Atlantic, juveniles hold cleaning stations together with the blue tang (Acanthurus coeruleus) and sergeant major (Abudefduf saxatilis) and graze algae as well as pick molted skin and parasites from green turtles (Chelonia mydas). This behavior is preceded by a characteristic inspection usually followed by feeding nips on the turtles’ skin (head, limbs, and tail), as well as on the carapace. The most inspected and cleaned body parts are the flippers (Ref. 51385).
栖息于浅水礁区或岩石区。 发现于松散的鱼群了。 (参考文献 9710) 主要日行性。 摄取沙子当捕食藻类。 (参考文献 13442) 在尾梗的两边上的棘可能施放令人痛苦的创伤。 (参考文献 5217) 最小深度记录自了参考文献 27115. 仔鱼是浮游性。 (参考文献 47377) 在西南方的大西洋的 Fernando de Noronha 列岛，稚鱼支撑 , 清洁的区域伴随着蓝色的强烈味道 ( 蓝刺尾鱼［Acanthurus coeruleus］ ) 与鱼少校 ( 岩豆娘鱼［Abudefduf saxatilis］ ) 而且啃食藻类以及剔啄脱皮来自绿海龟 ( Chelonia mydas) 的皮肤与寄生虫. 这行为进行通常被跟随着的一个特殊的检查咬食海龟的皮肤 (头部，肢翼与尾部), 以及甲壳。 最检查而且清理身体部份是鳍状肢.(参考文献 51385)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
西大西洋: 麻薩諸塞州 (美國) ，百慕達群島, 與墨西哥灣北部到聖保羅巴西。 東大西洋: 塞內加爾。
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 水族馆: 商业性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 26.1 - 28, mean 27.4 °C (based on 769 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02188 (0.01789 - 0.02676), b=2.95 (2.91 - 2.99), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 2.1 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.25-0.50).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (23 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 39.8 [15.6, 133.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.822 [0.286, 2.182] mg/100g; Protein = 19.1 [17.8, 20.4] %; Omega3 = 0.146 [0.063, 0.347] g/100g; Selenium = 8.83 [2.71, 27.87] μg/100g; VitaminA = 17.5 [3.7, 82.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.78 [0.55, 3.61] mg/100g (wet weight);
