分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Issue
Mullus barbatus barbatus Linnaeus, 1758 and Mullus barbatus ponticus Essipov, 1927 (restricted to Black and Azov Seas) are constantly recognized as subspecies rank, including in Eschmeyer's CofF (ver. Nov. 2020). Related information is found under the "Stocks" link in the species summary page / More info.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 居于水底的; 深度上下限 10 - 328 m (Ref. 56504), usually 100 - 300 m (Ref. 35388). 亞熱帶的; 58°N - 14°N, 32°W - 42°E
Eastern Atlantic: Norway, British Isles (occasionally Scandinavia) to Dakar, Senegal, Canary Islands, Mediterranean, including Azores and Madeira.
東大西洋: 英國人使到達喀爾，塞內加爾，加納利群島，地中海與黑海成為島嶼 (偶然地斯堪的那維亞半島) 。 也已知來自亞速群島。 (參考文獻 4845)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 11.5, range 10 - ? cm
Max length : 38.2 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 88921); common length : 20.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 4845); 最大体重: 680.00 g (Ref. 88921)
Found on gravel, sand and mud bottoms of the continental shelf. Depth range from 10-300 m (Ref. 07313) and up to depth of 328 in the eastern Ionian Sea (Ref. 56504). Feeds on small benthic crustaceans, worms and mollusks (Ref. 4845). Marketed mainly fresh (Ref. 9987).
栖息于砾石，大陆棚的沙与泥底部了。 来自 10- 的深度范围 300 公尺 (参考文献 07313) 并且向上到深度 328 在爱奥尼亚的海洋东部中.(参考文献 56504) 吃小型底栖的甲壳动物，蠕虫与软件动物。 (参考文献 4845) 生鲜地主要地在市场上销售。 (参考文献 9987)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
東大西洋: 英國人使到達喀爾，塞內加爾，加納利群島，地中海與黑海成為島嶼 (偶然地斯堪的那維亞半島) 。 也已知來自亞速群島。 (參考文獻 4845)
Ben-Tuvia, A., 1990. Mullidae. p. 827-829. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 7313)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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特别资料
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 13.1 - 15.9, mean 14.2 °C (based on 119 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00871 (0.00795 - 0.00954), b=3.09 (3.06 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 2.9 (2.7 - 4.1) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 55
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.11-0.5; tmax=11).
Prior r = 0.68, 95% CL = 0.42 - 1.04, Based on 13 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Low vulnerability (13 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 80.2 [44.6, 166.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.473 [0.187, 1.774] mg/100g; Protein = 19 [18, 20] %; Omega3 = 0.783 [0.501, 1.241] g/100g; Selenium = 23.5 [11.0, 50.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 13.5 [4.5, 47.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.249 [0.163, 0.554] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
