分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Elasmobranchii
板鳃亚纲 (鲨鱼与 鱼) (sharks and rays) >
Heterodontiformes (Bullhead and horn sharks) >
Heterodontidae (Bullhead, horn, or Port Jackson sharks)
Etymology: Heterodontus: heteros (Gr.), different; odontos (Gr.), tooth, referring to pointy teeth (for clutching prey) at front of jaws, different than rounded molar-like teeth (for grinding hard-shelled invertebrates) at the back. (See ETYFish); ramalheira: In honor of João Ramalheira, captain of the trawler from which holotype was collected, and “who has brought in much valuable scientific material” [presumably a noun in apposition, without the patronymic “i”]. (See ETYFish).
More on author: Smith.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 居于水底的; 深度上下限 40 - 305 m (Ref. 106604), usually 100 - ? m (Ref. 43278). 深水域; 22°N - 26°S, 30°E - 60°E
Western Indian Ocean: off southern Mozambique and Natal, South Africa (Ref. 5578), also off the eastern shore of the Arabian Peninsula.
西印度洋: 外海的莫三比克南部與南非的納塔爾 (參考文獻 5578), 也外海的阿拉伯半島的東岸。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 64.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 247); 83.0 cm TL (female)
背棘 (总数): 2; 背的软条 (总数): 0; 臀棘 0; 臀鳍软条: 0. Dark red-brown with scattered white spots (Ref. 6576).
暗红褐色有分散的白色斑点.(参考文献 6576)
Found on the outer continental shelf and uppermost slopes (Ref. 247, 43278). Benthic (Ref. 43278). Feeds on crabs (Ref. 5578, 43278). Oviparous (Ref. 50449).
栖息于大陆架外缘与最上面的斜坡了。 (参考文献 247) 吃螃蟹。 (参考文献 5578) 卵生的.(参考文献 50449)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Oviparous (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).西印度洋: 外海的莫三比克南部與南非的納塔爾 (參考文獻 5578), 也外海的阿拉伯半島的東岸。
Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1 - Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1):1-249. Rome, FAO. (Ref. 247)
人类利用
渔业: 没有兴趣; 水族馆: 公众的水族馆
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 17.9 - 21.8, mean 19.1 °C (based on 15 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5059 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00380 (0.00166 - 0.00872), b=3.15 (2.95 - 3.35), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.60 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (Fec assumed to be <100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (53 of 100).