分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Perciformes/Notothenioidei (Icefishes)
鱸形目 (Icefishes) >
Nototheniidae (Cod icefishes)
南極魚科 (Cod icefishes) > Nototheniinae
Etymology: Paranotothenia: Greek, para = near + Greek, noton = back + Greek, adverbial particle, then, that denotes distance or removal (Ref. 45335); magellanica: magellanica for the straits of Magellan, the type locality (Ref. 11892).
More on author: Forster.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 深度上下限 0 - 255 m (Ref. 11892), usually 0 - 20 m (Ref. 11892). 溫帶; 43°S - 78°S
Southern Ocean: southern tip of South America. Also found in Falkland, South Georgia, South Orkney, South Shetland, Prince Edward, Crozet, Kerguelen, Heard and Macquarie islands, southern New Zealand and associated islands, rarely in the Ross Sea. New Zealand and Argentina (Patagonia) (Ref. 4537)
南極海: 南美洲的最南端。 也發現於福克蘭，南喬治亞州，奧克尼群島南方部，雪特蘭群島南方部，愛德華湖王子， Crozet, Kerguelen, 聽到，而且 Macquarie 島, 紐西蘭南部與相連的島,極少在羅斯海洋。 紐西蘭與阿根廷 (巴塔哥尼亞)(參考文獻 4537)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 43.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 124534); 最大體重: 1.5 kg (Ref. 124534)
背棘 (總數): 3 - 6; 背的軟條 (總數): 28-31; 臀鰭軟條: 22 - 25. Greyish olive above, yellowish below. Pug-nosed snout, well developed supraoccipital crest, highly sculptured cranial bones. Short jaw, the maxillary not reaching the orbit, and adults with pelagic coloration as well as large epurals (Ref. 11892). Upper lateral line with 36-48 tubular scales, total number of scales in upper and middle lateral lines 45-57; caudal peduncle longer than deep, 37.0-45.5% HL; preoperculo-mandibular canal not connected with the temporal canal; dorsal surface of head without prominent ridges; pelvic length much shorter than pectorals (Ref. 37311).
略灰色的橄欖色上方, 下面淡黃色的。 獅子鼻的吻 , 發展良好的上枕骨冠,高度地雕刻了頭蓋的硬骨。 短頜, 上頜骨不達到眼窩, 而且成魚有大洋性的顏色以及大的尾上骨.(參考文獻 11892) 上面的側線有 36-48個管狀的鱗片, 在上游與中游的側線 45-57 中的鱗片的總數; 尾柄長度超過深的,37.0-45.5% HL; 前鰓蓋-顎骨管不相連了暫生管; 沒有突出的脊的頭部背面; 腹鰭長度遠短於胸鰭.(參考文獻 37311)
Utilized as a food fish.
作為食用魚。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
南極海: 南美洲的最南端。 也發現於福克蘭，南喬治亞州，奧克尼群島南方部，雪特蘭群島南方部，愛德華湖王子， Crozet, Kerguelen, 聽到，而且 Macquarie 島, 紐西蘭南部與相連的島,極少在羅斯海洋。 紐西蘭與阿根廷 (巴塔哥尼亞)(參考文獻 4537)
Dewitt, H.H., P.C. Heemstra and O. Gon, 1990. Nototheniidae. p. 279-331. In O. Gon and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Fishes of the Southern Ocean. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. (Ref. 5179)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
更多資訊
參考文獻養殖養殖資訊品種遺傳學Electrophoreses遺傳率疾病加工NutrientsMass conversion
合作者照片Stamps, Coins Misc.聲音神經毒速度泳型鰓區Otoliths腦重體重比眼睛色素
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 3.4 - 10.8, mean 7.9 °C (based on 130 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00676 (0.00401 - 0.01141), b=3.23 (3.08 - 3.38), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Generation time: 4.2 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.26; Fec > 10,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 38.5 [21.9, 66.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.43 [0.26, 0.70] mg/100g; Protein = 18.2 [16.8, 19.5] %; Omega3 = 0.724 [0.440, 1.207] g/100g; Selenium = 11.9 [6.1, 23.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 16.5 [5.2, 52.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.645 [0.461, 0.919] mg/100g (wet weight);
