分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 400 m (Ref. 86942). 亞熱帶的; 24°C - ? (Ref. 26); 48°N - 48°S, 180°W - 180°E (Ref. 55203)
Worldwide in tropical and subtropical seas. Frequently misidentified as juvenile or female of Coryphaena hippurus. Highly migratory species.
遍及全球的熱帶與亞熱帶的海洋。 時常被誤鑑成稚魚或 Coryphaena hippurus 的母魚了。 高度遷移的種,1982年海事法會議的附件一.(參考文獻 26139)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ?, range 22 - ? cm
Max length : 146 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 111105); common length : 50.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 2683); 最大年齡: 4 年 (Ref. 26)
背棘 (總數): 0; 背的軟條 (總數): 52-59; 臀棘 0; 臀鰭軟條: 24 - 28; 脊椎骨: 33. Body elongated and compressed, its depth contained less than 4.0 times in standard length (adults); tongue with a wide tooth patch covering 50 to 60 percent of its surface; dorsal fin originating on nape, almost reaching caudal fin, with 48 to 55 rays; anterior distal edge of anal fin convex; pectoral fins located near middle of head; body shiny blue green, changing to gray with green tints after death; flanks with golden highlights and numerous diffuse black stains (Ref. 55763). Greatest body depth more than 25% of SL; tooth patch on tongue broad and square; single dorsal fin extending from just behind eye almost to caudal fin, with 52-59 rays; a convex anal fin extending from anus almost to caudal fin; pectoral fin about half of head length (Ref. 10948). Caudal vertebrae usually 20. (Ref. 10998). Color in life brilliant metallic blue-green dorsally, fading to grey with green tinge upon death; sides silvery with golden sheen and spots; dorsal fin dark; juveniles with entire caudal fin margin white. Head profile of large adults (30-200 cm.) becomes vertical with the development of bony crest, but more in males.
最大的體高超過 25% 的 SL; 在舌上的齒列寬的與正方形; 從在眼正後方延伸的單一背鰭幾乎到尾鰭, 藉由 52-59個鰭條; 一個延伸的中凸臀鰭從肛門幾乎到尾鰭; 胸鰭大約一半頭長.(參考文獻 10948) 尾部的脊椎骨通常 20. (參考文獻 10998). 顏色活著時色彩豔麗的鐵藍色的-綠色背面, 褪成灰色的具有綠色的淡色在死亡之上; 側邊銀色的有金的光輝與斑點; 背鰭黑的; 稚魚有整個的尾鰭邊緣白色。 大的成魚的頭部輪廓 (30-200 公分.) 具有多骨冠的發展變成垂直, 但是在雄性中的更多。
Primarily an oceanic species but may enter coastal waters (Ref. 9293). Usually forms schools. Follows boats and may be found under floating objects (Ref. 9293). Feeds on small fishes and squid (Ref. 9293). Eggs and larvae are pelagic (Ref. 6755). Marketed fresh and considered an excellent food fish (Ref. 5288). An important game fish in northern South America (Ref. 5217).
主要地在大洋性魚種中但是可能進入沿岸水域.(參考文獻 9293) 通常形成魚群。 追從船而且可能被發現於漂浮的目標下面.(參考文獻 9293) 吃小魚與烏賊。 (參考文獻 9293) 在市場上銷售生鮮地而且被認為是一個優良的食用魚。 (參考文獻 5288) 在南美洲北部的一個重要的遊釣魚類.(參考文獻 5217)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
遍及全球的熱帶與亞熱帶的海洋。 時常被誤鑑成稚魚或 Coryphaena hippurus 的母魚了。 高度遷移的種,1982年海事法會議的附件一.(參考文獻 26139)
Palko, B.J., G.L. Beardsley and W.J. Richards, 1982. Synopsis of the biological data on dolphin-fishes, Coryphaena hippurus Linnaeus and Coryphaena equiselis Linnaeus. FAO Fish. Synop. (130); NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS Circ. (443). (Ref. 26)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 16 September 2010
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 14.2 - 27.9, mean 22.3 °C (based on 1841 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01230 (0.00477 - 0.03174), b=2.98 (2.76 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.60 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tmax=4).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (87 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 52.4 [27.6, 113.8] mg/100g; Iron = 1.61 [0.83, 3.03] mg/100g; Protein = 20.2 [18.9, 21.4] %; Omega3 = 0.438 [0.234, 0.836] g/100g; Selenium = 52.1 [24.7, 112.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 4.46 [1.28, 16.52] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.436 [0.285, 0.699] mg/100g (wet weight);
