Ikan bertulang rawan (sharks and rays) >
Carcharhiniformes (Ground sharks) >
Carcharhinidae (Requiem sharks)
Etymology: Scoliodon: scolio-, from skolios (Gr.), oblique; odon (Gr.), tooth, referring to oblique teeth pointing towards sides of mouth. (See ETYFish); macrorhynchos: macro-, from makros (Gr.), long; rhynchos (Gr.), snout, referring to its long (and extremely flattened) snout. (See ETYFish).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut dasar (demersal). Tropical
Western Central Pacific: W Indonesia, Malaysia, Gulf of Thailand, Singapore, Borneo, Philippines, China, Hong Kong, Taiwan and Japan; exceptions, E Indonesia, New Guinea, northern Australia, and remainder of the Oceania region.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm 42.9, range 38 - 39.7 cm
Max length : 71.5 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 126960); 80.0 cm TL (female); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 220.88 g (Ref. 124713)
deskripsi pendek
Morfologi | Morfometrik
vertebrata, bertulang belakang: 149 - 171. This small carcharhinid species is distinguished by the following set of characters: snout long and extremely flattened; slender body and tail; smooth-edged teeth with slender, strongly oblique, blade-like cusps and no cusplets; anterior teeth strongly sexually dimorphic, for adult males greatly elongate and flexuous; total tooth row counts 25-28/23-28 rows or 48-56 total rows; second dorsal-fin origin well posterior of anal-fin origin, about opposite posterior third of anal-fin base; second dorsal-fin origin to anal fin origin 6.0-9.1% TL, 1.3-2.5 times second dorsal-fin base; interdorsal space 17.9-22.2% TL; small pelvic fins, anterior margins 41-56% of pectoral anterior margin; first dorsal fin small, broadly triangular, origin behind pectoral fin free rear tips, free rear tip over posterior half of pelvic fin bases, length 12.9-15.5% TL, inner margin 2.1-3.0 in base; second dorsal fin very small, base 2.0-3.5 times height; height 18-27% of first dorsal-fin height; anal fin large, length 11.1-14.1% TL, height 1.7-2.5 times second dorsal-fin height, base 1.9-3.1 times second dorsal-fin base; total vertebral count 149-171, monospondylous precaudal count 44-50, diplospondylous precaudal count 53-64, diplospondylous caudal count 49-59, precaudal count 98-114; colour greenish-bronze dorsally, off white ventrally when fresh; preserved specimens are slate-grey dorsally whitish ventrally with waterline clearly demarcated along head, more diffuse along body, no distinct black spots on fins (Ref. 84283).
Adults are found in shallow, inshore waters, most abundant near large freshwater outflows, e.g. Pearl River estuary (Hong Kong) and the large Borneo drainage systems (Ref. 84283).
White, W.T., P.R. Last and G.J.P. Naylor, 2010. Scoliodon macrorhynchos (Bleeker, 1852), a second species of spadenose shark from the Western Pacific (Carcharhiniformes: Carcharhinidae). pp. 61-76. In P.R. Last, W.T. White, and J.J. Pogonoski (eds). Descriptions of new sharks and rays from Borneo. CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research Paper no. 32. (Ref. 84283)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
informasi lanjut
AcuanBudidaya airprofil budidaya airStrainGenetikaElectrophoresesDiturunkanPenyakit-penyakitPengolahanNutrientsMass conversion
mitraGambarStamps, Coins Misc.Suara-suaraCiguateraKecepatanTipe renangArea insangOtolithsOtakPenglihatan / visi
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00244 - 0.04107), b=3.04 (2.81 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Generation time: 4.6 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): sangat rendah, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum lebih dari 14 tahun (Fec = 1; K=0.2;).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (52 of 100).
