分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Perciformes/Scorpaenoidei (Scorpionfishes)
鮋形目 (Scorpionfishes) >
Sebastidae (Rockfishes, rockcods and thornyheads)
Sebastidae (Rockfishes, rockcods and thornyheads) > Sebastinae
Etymology: Sebastes: Greek, sebastes = august, venerable (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 100 - 1000 m, usually 100 - 500 m (Ref. 35388). 溫帶; 3°C - 7°C (Ref. 35388); 79°N - 39°N, 75°W - 71°E
Eastern Atlantic: Kattegat and North Sea, northward to Spitsbergen, southern part of Barents Sea eastward to Kanin Banks and Novaya Zemlya, rare in White Sea, Iceland and eastern Greenland. Western Atlantic: Greenland and southeastern Labrador in Canada to New Jersey in USA (Ref. 7251).
東大西洋: Kattegat 與北海, 向北至斯匹次卑爾根群島，巴倫支海向東至 Kanin 淺堆與新地島的南部, 稀有的在白海, 冰島與格陵蘭東部。 西大西洋: 在美國的加拿大到紐澤西州的格陵蘭與東南方的拉布拉多.(參考文獻 7251)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 38.9, range 38 - 41 cm
Max length : 100.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 4570); common length : 45.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 4570); 最大體重: 15.0 kg (Ref. 35388); 最大年齡: 60 年 (Ref. 35388)
Found off the coast from 100-1000 m; juveniles found in fjords, bays and inshore waters. Normally trawled in deep water (Ref. 9988). Benthic (Ref. 5951). Feed mostly on euphausiids in summer; herrings in autumn and winter; capelins, herrings, euphausiids and ctenophores in spring. Gregarious throughout life. A slow growing species (Ref. 9988). Ovoviviparous, gonads of male and female do not mature at the same time. The spermatozoa are kept in the ovary of the female after copulation until such time that the eggs ripen paving the way for fertilization (Ref. 74488). Copulation takes place in late summer or early autumn (Ref. 35388, 34817); in winter females give birth to 50,000-350,000 pelagic larvae of 8 mm length (Ref. 35388). Utilized fresh and frozen; eaten fried, broiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988).
發現在來自 100-1000 公尺的海岸外; 稚魚發現於峽灣，海灣與近岸水域.。 通常在深水中拖網捕獲。 (參考文獻 9988) 底棲的.(參考文獻 5951) 在夏天大部分吃磷蝦; 秋天與冬天時的鯡魚; 在春天的 capelins ，鯡魚，磷蝦與櫛水母。 群居的整個生命期。 一個慢的增加種.(參考文獻 9988) 胎生的, 連結發生於夏末或初秋;(參考文獻 35388,34817) 雌性對 50,000-350,000個大洋性 8 mm 長度的仔魚生產冬天時。 (參考文獻 35388) 生鮮使用與冷凍; 油炸後食用, 火烤., 微波.而且燒烤.。 (參考文獻 9988)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Gonads of male and female do not mature at the same time. The spermatozoa are kept in the ovary of the female after copulation until such time that the eggs ripen paving the way for fertilisation (Ref. 74488). Gives birth to 50,000-350,000 pelagic larvae of 8 mm length (Ref. 35388).東大西洋: Kattegat 與北海, 向北至斯匹次卑爾根群島，巴倫支海向東至 Kanin 淺堆與新地島的南部, 稀有的在白海, 冰島與格陵蘭東部。 西大西洋: 在美國的加拿大到紐澤西州的格陵蘭與東南方的拉布拉多.(參考文獻 7251)
Fernholm, B. and A. Wheeler, 1983. Linnaean fish specimens in the Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm. Zool. J. Linn. Soc., 78(3):199-286. (Ref. 83993)
人類使用
漁業: 高經濟性; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 0.6 - 9.3, mean 3.7 °C (based on 1514 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01380 (0.00638 - 0.02986), b=3.04 (2.86 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.68 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (rm=0.23; K=0.06-0.08; tm=10-12; tmax=60; Fec= 19,000-350,000).
Prior r = 0.30, 95% CL = 0.20 - 0.45, Based on 5 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (71 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (69 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 12.3 [5.5, 33.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.23 [0.10, 0.51] mg/100g; Protein = 18.3 [17.1, 19.5] %; Omega3 = 1.29 [0.51, 3.25] g/100g; Selenium = 44.8 [19.0, 116.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 20.7 [6.3, 68.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.342 [0.187, 0.613] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
