分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Acanthuriformes (Surgeonfishes)
鱸形目 (Surgeonfishes) >
Acanthuridae (Surgeonfishes, tangs, unicornfishes)
刺尾鯛科 (Surgeonfishes, tangs, unicornfishes) > Acanthurinae
Etymology: Acanthurus: Greek, akantha = thorn + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Forsskål.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 非迁移的 (Ref. 56001); 深度上下限 0 - 25 m (Ref. 48637), usually 2 - 25 m (Ref. 27115). 热带; 24°C - 28°C (Ref. 27115); 31°N - 34°S, 3°E - 123°W
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea south to Transkei, South Africa (Ref. 3145) and east to the Hawaiian and Tuamoto islands, north to southern Japan, south to the southern Great Barrier Reef, New Caledonia, and Rapa (Austral Islands).
印度-太平洋: 红海南至南非的川斯凯 (参考文献 3145) 而且东至夏威夷与 Tuamoto 岛, 北至日本南部, 南至大堡礁的南方，新加勒多尼亚与拉帕岛 (奥斯垂群岛).
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 12.0, range 10 - 14 cm
Max length : 21.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 30573)
背棘 (总数): 9; 背的软条 (总数): 24-27; 臀棘 3; 臀鳍软条: 22 - 24. Brown in color when preserved; with or without fine bluish gray longitudinal lines on body; pale pectoral fins with upper edge narrowly black; pelvic fins brown. Lips blackish brown; median upper teeth tend to be pointed. Dorsal fin base with a prominent black spot larger than 1/2 eye diameter; a smaller spot on base of anal fin. Groove of caudal spine encircled with a narrow black margin. Gill rakers on anterior row:20-24; on posterior row:18-23.
褐色的颜色在保存状态下; 具有或者没有细的蓝灰色的纵向线在身体上; 灰白的胸鳍有上缘狭窄黑色; 腹鳍褐色。 唇暗褐色的; 中动脉上颚齿倾向尖的。 背鳍基底具有一个突出的黑色斑点大于 1/2 眼直径; 在臀鳍基底鳍上的一个较小的斑点。 被环绕的尾棘的凹槽具有一个狭窄的黑色边缘。 鳃耙在前面列:20-24; 在后列上:18-23.
Found on hard substrates of shallow lagoon and seaward reefs from the lower surge zone to a depth of more than 15 m (Ref. 27825). Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Feed on filamentous algae. Form spawning aggregations (Ref. 27825, 48637). Adults usually in small groups, but form large schools in some oceanic locations. Juveniles are often seen in mixed species aggregations (Ref. 48637). Species at the bottom of the 'pecking order' among surgeon fishes, and as a result employs the strategy of feeding in large schools that overwhelm the territorial defenses of other herbivores (Ref. 1602). Caught with nets (Ref. 30573). Can be eaten both raw and cooked (Ref. 7364). Maximum depth reported at 25m (Ref. 027115)
栖息于舄湖浅滩与临海礁石的坚硬底部从低浪花区到深度超过 15 公尺了。 吃丝状藻类。 形成产卵群集。 (参考文献 27825,48637) 成鱼通常在小群鱼群, 但是在一些大洋性的地点中形成大群鱼群。 稚鱼时常被在混合的种群集中见到。 (参考文献 48637) 在外科医生鱼之中的 ' 啄医生' 的底部的一个种, 而且作为一个结果大群鱼群产生觅食策略以征服其他草食动物的具有领域性防卫.(参考文献 1602) 用网捕获了。 (参考文献 30573) 能被吃生的而且煮.(参考文献 7364)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Form spawning aggregations (Ref. 27825).印度-太平洋: 红海南至南非的川斯凯 (参考文献 3145) 而且东至夏威夷与 Tuamoto 岛, 北至日本南部, 南至大堡礁的南方，新加勒多尼亚与拉帕岛 (奥斯垂群岛).
Randall, J.E., 1956. A revision of the surgeonfish genus Acanthurus. Pac. Sci. 10(2):159-235. (Ref. 1920)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 水族馆: 商业性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.6 - 29, mean 27.7 °C (based on 938 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02512 (0.02049 - 0.03079), b=2.96 (2.92 - 3.00), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 2.0 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=1.00-1.72; tm=2).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (27 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 84.4 [37.2, 254.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.908 [0.345, 2.248] mg/100g; Protein = 18.1 [16.9, 19.3] %; Omega3 = 0.105 [0.048, 0.228] g/100g; Selenium = 16.6 [5.8, 50.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 42 [10, 168] μg/100g; Zinc = 3.34 [1.04, 6.25] mg/100g (wet weight);
