分類 / Names
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Teleostei >
Gadiformes (Cods) >
Trachyrincidae (Armoured grenadiers)
Etymology: Trachyrincus: Greek, trachys, -eia, -ys = rough + Greek, rhyngchos = snout (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Rafinesque.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 深海底的; 非遷移的; 深度上下限 395 - 1700 m (Ref. 3587). 深水域; 55°N - 27°S, 26°W - 36°E
Eastern Atlantic: Irish slope to Cape Verde, including the Mediterranean. Occurrence in southern Africa is based only on specimens from off Namibia and not 'west coast of South Africa' as reported by Iwamoto 1986 (Ref. 2800 in FishBase) (Ref. 11953).
東大西洋: 到維德角的愛爾蘭的斜坡, 包括地中海。 在非洲南部的發生只以來自那米比亞外海的標本為基礎而不是 ' 南非的西岸' 當報告 Iwamoto 1986(參考文獻 2800 在 FishBase).(參考文獻 11953)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 11953); 最大年齡: 11 年 (Ref. 58045)
Snout long, narrow, sharply pointed. Dorsal scute row striating from just behind the head and extending to about behind a vertical through the anus, with more than 20 scute. Ventral scute row not reaching anus. Scute keels generally smooth blade-like, without multicuspid tips in small individuals (<30 cm), becoming more multicuspid with size. Scales adherent; belly completely scaled.
吻長的﹐狹窄的﹐和非常尖的。 背部的鱗甲列 striating 從在頭部正後方而且在一個垂直的經過肛門後面延伸至大約, 藉由超過 20個鱗甲。 腹面鱗甲列不達到肛門。 鱗甲龍骨脊通常平滑的刀劍狀的, 沒有多犬齒頂端在小的個體 (<30 公分) 中, 用大小變成更多的多犬齒。 鱗片追隨者; 腹面鱗片覆蓋完整。
Primarily a pelagic feeder, feeds primarily on pelagic copepods, but also takes mysids, shrimps, cephalopods, fish, polychaetes and gastropods (Ref. 1371). Mainly reduced to fishmeal and oil (Ref. 1371).
主要地一個大洋性的捕食者,主要捕食大洋性的橈腳類的動物, 也捕食糠蝦，蝦，頭足類動物，魚，多毛類動物與腹足動物.(參考文獻 1371) 主要地縮小成魚漿或魚油了。 (參考文獻 1371)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
東大西洋: 到維德角的愛爾蘭的斜坡, 包括地中海。 在非洲南部的發生只以來自那米比亞外海的標本為基礎而不是 ' 南非的西岸' 當報告 Iwamoto 1986(參考文獻 2800 在 FishBase).(參考文獻 11953)
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 4.7 - 13.7, mean 10.4 °C (based on 141 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00309 (0.00121 - 0.00790), b=3.12 (2.90 - 3.34), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.22-0.35).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (55 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Low vulnerability (13 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 23.5 [12.6, 51.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.403 [0.201, 0.813] mg/100g; Protein = 16.7 [15.0, 18.4] %; Omega3 = 0.241 [0.109, 0.505] g/100g; Selenium = 26.3 [10.7, 61.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 8.08 [1.67, 36.00] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.38 [0.25, 0.59] mg/100g (wet weight);
