Neotrygon kuhlii, Blue-spotted stingray : fisheries, aquarium

You can sponsor this page

Neotrygon kuhlii (Müller & Henle, 1841)

Blue-spotted stingray
把你的觀察加入 Fish Watcher
Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Neotrygon kuhlii   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
上傳你的 相片 和 影像
Pictures | Videos | Google 影像
Image of Neotrygon kuhlii (Blue-spotted stingray)
Neotrygon kuhlii
Picture by Randall, J.E.

分類 / Names 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranchii 板鰓亞綱 (鯊魚與魟魚) (sharks and rays) > Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) 鰩目 (Stingrays) > Dasyatidae (Stingrays) 土魟科 (Stingrays) > Neotrygoninae
Etymology: More on authors: Müller & Henle.

Issue
Formerly a widespread species, but forms a species complex with three other species. Information (data from references) collated undergoing modifications (in progress).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態學

海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 0 - 170 m (Ref. 89055), usually ? - 90 m (Ref. 9840). 熱帶; 33°N - 33°S, 28°E - 154°W

分布 國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri

Southwest Pacific: Solomon Islands, but probably more widespread in Oceania (limits of its distribution need to be defined).

Forms a species complex with Neotrygon australiae (Australia, New Guinea and eastern Indonesia), N. caeruleopunctata (Indian Ocean), and N. orientale (North-West Pacific).
印度-西太平洋: 紅海 (參考文獻 9840) ,桑吉巴 (坦尚尼亞) ,南非,印度 , 斯里蘭卡東至美屬薩摩亞 (參考文獻 592) 與東加 (參考文獻 53797),北至日本, 南至澳洲.(參考文獻 9840) 呈現出印度-太平洋的那可能是不同的種的多個色彩變種了。 (參考文獻 9840)

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡

Maturity: Lm 27.6, range 12 - 46.5 cm
Max length : 70.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5578)

簡短描述 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖

This medium-sized Neotrygon of the kuhlii-complex (reaching at least 30 cm DW) is distinguished by the following set of characters: disc is broader than long, its width ca. 1.2 times length; pectoral apices are narrowly rounded; snout rather fleshy, broadly angular, its angle ca. 107°, its length 1.7-2.1 times interorbital width; maximum width is relatively well back on disc, the length from snout tip to pectoral-fin insertion 1.8-1.9 times and disc width 2.5-2.6 times horizontal distance from snout tip to maximum disc width; preoral length is 2.4-2.8 times mouth width; internasal distance is 1.5-1.8 in prenasal length; interspiracular distance is 13-15% DW; nostril length is 2.8-4.1% DW; nasal curtain width is 8-8.3% DW; mouth small, its width 6.4-6.8% DW; horizontal distance from cloaca to caudal sting base ca. 55% of disc length; nuchal region with thornlets, none from tail in all sizes; no dermal denticles; 113 pectoral-fin radials (based on new specimen); 133 total vertebral centra (including synarcual), 39 trunk centra (including synarcual); presence of blue spots that are very small and sparse, largest spot on disc 0.3-0.5 times eye width; median belt with 0-6 (mean 3.0) blue spots, largest ~2.1% DW; pronounced mask-like marking, not covered with dark peppery spots; ventral surface of disc and pelvic fins with broad dark greyish submarginal bands; when fresh, ventral tail fold and adjacent tail bluish grey (Ref. 116741).
紅褐色的有藍色的背面集中明亮的假眼斑與分散的黑色斑點, 腹側白色的.(參考文獻 3263) 吻非常短與寬廣有角; 體盤有角的; 尾巴與身體等長有明顯的黑白環, 而且具有一個短的上尾部的鰭褶但是一個更長的低一個終止在尾部頂端正後方; 體盤沒有刺; 通常在尾部上的一個刺.(參考文獻 5578)

生物學特性     字彙 (例如 epibenthic)

A solitary species found on sandy bottoms near rocky or coral reefs (Ref. 12951). Usually found in deeper water but moves onto the reef flat and into shallow lagoons at high tide (Ref. 12951). Occasionally covers itself with sand, leaving only its eyes and tail visible (Ref. 37816). Feeds on crabs and shrimps (Ref. 5578). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). The venomous spine can inflict a painful wound (Ref.4690). Caught in very large quantities in the bottom trawl, trammel and fish trap fisheries. Utilized for its meat but of limited value due to its small size (Ref. 58048). It is parasitised by the monogenean Dendromonocotyle kuhlii on the dorsal skin surface (Ref. 124051).

一種獨居性種發現於在岩礁或珊瑚礁附近的砂質底部了。 (參考文獻 12951) 通常發現於較深的水域但是移動到礁石平臺上與進入潟湖淺灘之內在漲潮時.(參考文獻 12951) 偶然地以被僅留下它的眼睛與尾巴的沙子覆蓋它本身看得見的.(參考文獻 37816) 吃螃蟹與蝦。 (參考文獻 5578) 卵胎生的.(參考文獻 50449) 有毒的棘能施放令人痛苦的創傷。

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | | 孕卵數 | 仔魚

Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205). Litters size at birth 16 cm (Ref. 37816); Java form born at 11-16 cm WD, Bali form born at ~17 cm WD. Gives birth to litters of 1-2 pups; no reproductive synchronicity (Ref. 58048).印度-西太平洋: 紅海 (參考文獻 9840) ,桑吉巴 (坦尚尼亞) ,南非,印度 , 斯里蘭卡東至美屬薩摩亞 (參考文獻 592) 與東加 (參考文獻 53797),北至日本, 南至澳洲.(參考文獻 9840) 呈現出印度-太平洋的那可能是不同的種的多個色彩變種了。 (參考文獻 9840)

主要參考資料 Upload your references | 參考文獻 | 合作者 : McEachran, John | 合作者

Last, P.R., White, W.T. and B. Séret, 2016. Taxonomic status of maskrays of the Neotrygon kuhlii species complex (Myliobatoidei: Dasyatidae) with the description of three new species from the Indo-West Pacific. Zootaxa 4083(4):533-561. (Ref. 116741)

IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)

  資料不足 (DD) ; Date assessed: 22 June 2017

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

對人類具威脅

  有毒的 (Ref. 4690)





人類使用

漁業: 商業性; 水族館: 商業性
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | 周邊海洋

更多資訊

俗名
同種異名
新陳代謝
捕食者
生態毒物學
繁殖
成熟度
產卵場
產卵群集
孕卵數

卵發育
參考文獻
養殖
養殖資訊
品種
遺傳學
Electrophoreses
遺傳率
疾病
加工
Nutrients
Mass conversion
合作者
照片
Stamps, Coins Misc.
聲音
神經毒
速度
泳型
鰓區
Otoliths
腦重體重比
眼睛色素

工具

特別的報告

下載 XML

網路資源

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | 檢查 FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: , | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: 基因組, 核甘 | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | 國家資料庫 | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | 公眾的水族館 | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | 樹狀分類階層 | Wikipedia: , 搜尋 | World Records Freshwater Fishing | 動物學的記錄

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 23.9 - 29, mean 27.8 °C (based on 2546 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5039   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01096 (0.00342 - 0.03513), b=3.11 (2.86 - 3.36), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
營養階層 (Ref. 69278):  3.3   ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 8.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2 growth studies.
回復力 (Ref. 120179):  非常低的, 最小族群倍增時間超過14 年 (Fec=1-3).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate to high vulnerability (52 of 100).
價格種類 (Ref. 80766):   Low.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 14.2 [3.0, 58.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.446 [0.109, 1.168] mg/100g; Protein = 22.2 [19.3, 25.3] %; Omega3 = 0.117 [0.035, 0.325] g/100g; Selenium = 32.2 [8.9, 82.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 57.4 [22.8, 143.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.977 [0.477, 1.924] mg/100g (wet weight);