分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sparidae (Porgies)
鯛科 (Porgies)
Etymology: Dentex: Latin, dens, dentis = teeth (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 底中水層性; 深度上下限 0 - 200 m (Ref. 3688), usually 15 - 50 m (Ref. 54220). 亞熱帶的; 56°N - 12°N, 23°W - 42°E (Ref. 54220)
Eastern Atlantic: British Isles to Cape Blanc, Mauritania; (exceptionally further south) Senegal and around the Canary Islands and Madeira. Common south of 40°N (Spain, North Africa) in the Mediterranean (Ref. 4781).
東大西洋: 不列顛群島到茅利塔尼亞的 Blanc 岬; (格外更南方) 塞內加爾與加納利群島與馬得拉群島的周圍。 在地中海中的 40 ° N(西班牙, 北非) 的普遍南方.(參考文獻 4781)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 34.6 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 100.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3397); common length : 50.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3688); 最大體重: 14.3 kg (Ref. 40637)
背棘 (總數): 11; 背的軟條 (總數): 11-12; 臀棘 3; 臀鰭軟條: 7 - 9. Body oval and compressed. Canine teeth, with 4 to 6 anterior teeth very developed in each jaw.
Inhabit hard bottoms (rock or rubble) down to 200 m depth. Usually found in shallow water less than 50 m deep (Ref. 9987). Adults solitary; young gregarious (Ref. 12482). Young fish caught with traps. Feed on fish, mollusks and cephalopods. Important food fish. Marketed fresh or frozen (Ref. 9987). Some attempts to culture this species have been successful. Due to low market supply, the potential for selling these fish from aquaculture operations seems to be good (Ref. 9987). A spear-fisherman cites a specimen caught in Greece (Corfu) with an overnight bottom-line about 1.60 m and 42 kg (Ref. 48271), but the identification cannot be verified.
棲息於堅硬的底部 (岩石或者碎石) 向下至 200 公尺深。 通常發現於淺水區少於 50 公尺深.(參考文獻 9987) 成魚獨居性; 幼魚群居的.(參考文獻 12482) 幼魚用魚籠捕獲了。 吃魚，軟體動物與頭足類動物。 重要的食用魚。 生鮮或冷凍地在市場上銷售。 (參考文獻 9987) 養殖這種的一些嘗試曾經成功的。 由於低的市場補給, 賣來自水產業手術的這些魚的潛能似乎是好的。 (參考文獻 9987) 一個矛-漁夫引用被在希臘 (Corfu) 捕獲的一件標本有一個夜間的根本大約 1.60 公尺與 42 公斤 (參考文獻 48271) ，但是鑑定不能夠被查證。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Gonochoric, but some specimens are hermaphroditic. Species of separated sexes (although some individuals may be hermaphrodite in young stages). In the Mediterranean, reproduction takes place between March and May, in areas near the coast. Embryo development lasts about 3 days at 17°C.東大西洋: 不列顛群島到茅利塔尼亞的 Blanc 岬; (格外更南方) 塞內加爾與加納利群島與馬得拉群島的周圍。 在地中海中的 40 ° N(西班牙, 北非) 的普遍南方.(參考文獻 4781)
Bauchot, M.-L. and J.-C. Hureau, 1990. Sparidae. p. 790-812. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3688)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 養殖: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 13.3 - 21.1, mean 18.1 °C (based on 298 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01122 (0.00948 - 0.01328), b=3.03 (3.00 - 3.06), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.1; tm=2-3).
Prior r = 0.39, 95% CL = 0.24 - 0.61, Based on 9 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (66 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High vulnerability (63 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 30.5 [16.1, 58.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.656 [0.354, 1.189] mg/100g; Protein = 19.7 [18.2, 21.3] %; Omega3 = 0.417 [0.267, 0.640] g/100g; Selenium = 37.2 [16.4, 73.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 15.4 [4.0, 56.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.558 [0.381, 0.828] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
