Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut berasosiasi dengan karang; kisaran kedalaman 18 - 183 m (Ref. 2850). Subtropical; 39°N - 26°N, 124°W - 113°W
Eastern Pacific: Farallon Islands (off San Francisco) in California, USA to central Baja California and Guadalupe Island (off north central Baja California) in Mexico; rare north of Monterey Bay, California.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm 16.0, range 17 - 21 cm
Max length : 29.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 2850); Umur maksimum dilaporkan: 19 Tahun (Ref. 39273)
Inhabit shallow reefs (Ref. 2850). Viviparous (Ref. 34817).
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
informasi lanjut
AcuanBudidaya airprofil budidaya airStrainGenetikaElectrophoresesDiturunkanPenyakit-penyakitPengolahanNutrientsMass conversion
mitraGambarStamps, Coins Misc.Suara-suaraCiguateraKecepatanTipe renangArea insangOtolithsOtakPenglihatan / visi
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 9.7 - 14.1, mean 10.7 °C (based on 6 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00499 - 0.02004), b=3.09 (2.92 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Generation time: 6.2 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): Rendah, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 4.5 - 14 tahun (tmax=19; tm=5).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (43 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 21.7 [7.4, 71.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.405 [0.159, 0.988] mg/100g; Protein = 19.1 [17.9, 20.3] %; Omega3 = 0.459 [0.179, 1.165] g/100g; Selenium = 37.7 [13.1, 121.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 116 [39, 341] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.594 [0.283, 1.144] mg/100g (wet weight);
