分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Gadiformes (Cods)
鱈形目 (Cods) >
Merlucciidae (Merluccid hakes)
無鬚鱈科 (Merluccid hakes)
Etymology: Merluccius: Latin, mar, maris = the sea + Latin, lucius = pike (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Guichenot.
Issue
A different species/subspecies is recognized on the Peruvian coasts Etropus peruanus Ginsburg, 1954, that is recognized in FishBase as a provisionally valid species. More studies are needed to clearly differentiate it (March 2021).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 深海底的; 海洋洄游的; 深度上下限 50 - 500 m (Ref. 1371). 深水域; 5°S - 46°S, 81°W - 69°E (Ref. 54583)
Southeast Pacific: off the coast of Chile from Arica to Chiloé Island.
東南太平洋: 來自阿利卡到 Chiloe 島的外海的智利的海岸。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ?, range 32 - ? cm
Max length : 87.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 1371); common length : 50.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 1371)
背棘 (總數): 1; 背的軟條 (總數): 45-54; 臀棘 0; 臀鰭軟條: 36 - 42; 脊椎骨: 49 - 53. Caudal fin margin usually concave. Color is silvery on back, silvery whitish on belly. M. gayi gayi and M. gayi peruanus differ by the total number of vertebrae, total number of gill rakers and relative length of head (Ref. 1371).
尾鰭邊緣通常凹曲。 色彩是銀色的背面, 銀色的微白色的在腹面上。 M. gayi gayi 與 M. gayi peruanus 不同藉由頭部的脊椎骨總數，鰓耙的總數與相對長度。 (參考文獻 1371)
Occurs from the shallow continental shelf to the upper continental slope (Ref. 1371). Sometimes found off the bottom or in midwater (Ref. 1371). Migrates vertically to midwater at night to feed on fishes, squids and euphausiids (Ref. 27363). Moves to southern coastal areas in summer and migrates to northern deeper waters (200-500 m depth) in winter and spring (Ref. 27363). Spawning occurs at the end of the winter and during the southern spring (Ref. 58452). Marketed fresh and frozen (Ref. 1371) and eaten steamed, fried, boiled and microwaved (Ref. 9988). Also utilized as fishmeal (Ref. 1371).
生存於水淺的大陸棚到大陸坡上層。 (參考文獻 1371) 有時發現自底部或在中層水域中.(參考文獻 1371) 垂直地對中層水域迴游在晚上覓食魚，烏賊與磷蝦.(參考文獻 27363) 在夏天移動到南方的沿岸區域而且在冬天與春天迴游到北方的較深的水域 (200-500 公尺深) 。 (參考文獻 27363) 在市場上銷售生鮮和冷凍 (參考文獻 1371) 而且清蒸了, 油炸了, 煮沸了而且微波了.(參考文獻 9988) 也利用了製成魚粉。 (參考文獻 1371)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
東南太平洋: 來自阿利卡到 Chiloe 島的外海的智利的海岸。
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
人類使用
漁業: 高經濟性
更多資訊
合作者照片Stamps, Coins Misc.聲音神經毒速度泳型鰓區Otoliths腦重體重比眼睛色素
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 9.3 - 14, mean 10.9 °C (based on 38 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01413 (0.00630 - 0.03168), b=3.05 (2.85 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.3 ±0.6 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.1-0.2; tm=2).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (61 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High vulnerability (62 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 8.76 [3.94, 31.98] mg/100g; Iron = 0.342 [0.068, 0.925] mg/100g; Protein = 17.6 [16.3, 18.9] %; Omega3 = 0.216 [0.103, 0.404] g/100g; Selenium = 22 [10, 49] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11.9 [2.5, 54.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.223 [0.154, 0.356] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
