分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Elasmobranchii
板鰓亞綱 (鯊魚與魟魚) (sharks and rays) >
Rajiformes (Skates and rays)
鰩目 (Skates and rays) >
Rajidae (Skates)
鰩科 (Skates)
Etymology: Malacoraja: Greek, malakos = soft + Latin, raja, -ae = ray, fis (Raja sp.) (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Garman.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 深海底的; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 25 - 1436 m (Ref. 106604). 深水域; 54°N - 40°N, 74°W - 52°W
Western Atlantic: Banks off Newfoundland and southern Gulf of St. Lawrence in Canada to New Jersey, USA. Caught frequently in the river part of St. Lawrence estuary and nearby points in Quebec, Canada (Ref. 4926).
西大西洋: 在加拿大到美國的紐澤西的紐芬蘭外海堤岸與聖勞倫斯灣南部。 時常在加拿大魁北克聖勞倫斯河口與附近的點河段中捕捉了。 (參考文獻 4926)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 71.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 106604)
簡短描述
型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
Spines are larger toward front and disappear with age on rear parts of tail. Few scapular spines. Group of spines in front of and around each eye. Adults have 1 middorsal row of many small spines, 1 row of small spines on each side, middorsal row of spines extend forward on disk to area behind eyes. Young have 2 pale crossbars on tail, each outlined by a dark blotch or band. Snout pointed (Ref. 7251). Upper surface pale brown with numerous obscure darker spots, irregular pale markings. Lower surface plain white with few small dusky spots (Ref. 6902).
棘比較大朝向前的而且在尾部的後端上隨著年齡而消失。 少的肩胛骨棘。 群體的棘在每個眼前面與周圍。 成魚有 1 許多小的棘的背面中央列, 在兩邊上的小棘的 1 列, 棘的背面中央列對眼睛後面的區域在圓盤上向前延伸。 幼魚在尾部上有 2個灰白的交叉條紋,每個邊緣為一個黑色斑塊或條紋了。 吻端尖的.(參考文獻 7251) 上表皮灰白的褐色有很多的暗較深色的斑點，不規則的灰白斑紋。 下表面全白色有些小的暗色斑點.(參考文獻 6902)
Inhabits soft mud and clay bottoms of the deeper troughs and basins, sands and shells, gravel and pebbles of the offshore fishing banks (Ref. 6902). Benthic (Ref. 5951). Salinity ranges from 32.6 to 35.4 (Ref. 6902). This species is confined to deep water. No occurrence has been found in less than 8 m of water. Oviparous. Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205). Eggs are oblong capsules with stiff pointed horns at the corners deposited in sandy or muddy flats (Ref. 205). Egg capsules are 5.0-5.9 cm long and 3.8-4.5 cm wide (Ref. 41249, 41306, 41301). Caught too sparingly to have any commercial importance (Ref. 27314).
棲息於軟的泥與較深的溝槽與流域，沙與貝殼的泥土底部, 礫石與外海釣魚淺堆的小圓石。 (參考文獻 6902) 底棲的.(參考文獻 5951) 從 32.6 到 35.4 的鹽度範圍.(參考文獻 6902) 這種被侷限於深水域。 在少於 8個公尺水深中的沒有發現紀錄。 卵生的。 明顯的成對出現。 幼魚可能傾向跟隨大的個體, 例如他們的母親.(參考文獻 205) 卵為長方形鞘囊具有僵硬的觸角沈積在沙灘或泥灘的角落.(參考文獻 205) 卵鞘是 5.0-5.9 公分長與 3.8-4.5 公分寬的.(參考文獻 41249,41306,41301) 捕捉太保守而無法有任何的商業重要性.(參考文獻 27314)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Oviparous, paired eggs are laid. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205).西大西洋: 在加拿大到美國的紐澤西的紐芬蘭外海堤岸與聖勞倫斯灣南部。 時常在加拿大魁北克聖勞倫斯河口與附近的點河段中捕捉了。 (參考文獻 4926)
McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn, 1998. Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae). Copeia 1998(2):271-290. (Ref. 27314)
人類使用
漁業: 沒有興趣
更多資訊
參考文獻養殖養殖資訊品種遺傳學Electrophoreses遺傳率疾病加工NutrientsMass conversion
合作者照片Stamps, Coins Misc.聲音神經毒速度泳型鰓區Otoliths腦重體重比眼睛色素
工具
特別的報告
下載 XML
網路資源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 0.6 - 7.6, mean 4.1 °C (based on 186 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00240 (0.00149 - 0.00387), b=3.19 (3.06 - 3.32), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Fec assumed to be <100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (58 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 9.5 [1.4, 50.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.337 [0.071, 1.045] mg/100g; Protein = 16.7 [13.9, 19.3] %; Omega3 = 0.613 [0.180, 2.396] g/100g; Selenium = 11.7 [2.8, 39.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.68 [2.07, 45.52] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.452 [0.222, 0.862] mg/100g (wet weight);
