分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Carangiformes (Jacks) >
Echeneidae (Remoras)
Etymology: Echeneis: Greek, echein = to hold + Greek, nays = ship; remora, suckling fish; 1774 (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 1 - 85 m (Ref. 86942). 亞熱帶的; 45°N - 45°S, 180°W - 180°E
Circumtropical.
Circumtropical。 西大西洋: 加拿大的新斯科舍省與百慕達群島到烏拉圭.(參考文獻 7251,26938)
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 110 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9710); common length : 66.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 10970); 最大体重: 2.3 kg (Ref. 40637)
背棘 (总数): 0; 背的软条 (总数): 32-42; 臀棘 0; 臀鳍软条: 29 - 41.
具有一个与狭窄的白色斑纹上面与下面接壤的黑色侧面中央的斑纹。 (参考文献 26938) 体高包覆在 8-14 标准体长比率中了; 尾鳍在成鱼几乎截形有上、下叶长度超过中央的鳍条; 第一背鳍取代了一横向的，由薄片组成的，和椭圆形的头部体盘有 16-18个叶片.(参考文献 10970)
Most abundant remora in warm waters (Ref. 4389). Occurs near as well as far from the coast (Ref. 5217). Often found free-swimming in shallow inshore areas and around coral reefs (Ref. 26938). Attaches temporarily to a variety of hosts including sharks, rays, large bony fishes or sea turtles, whales, dolphins and also to ships. May follow divers (Ref. 9710); reported to attach itself to a diver's leg (Ref. 57809). Feeds on small fishes, bits of its host's prey and host's parasites (Ref. 26938). Juveniles occasionally act as reef station-based cleaners, where they service parrotfishes (Ref. 40095). Sometimes used by natives to aid in fishing; a line is tied to the caudal peduncle of the remora and then is released; upon attaching to another fish, the remora and its host are hauled in by the fisher (Ref. 9682).
在温暖的水域中的最丰富的印鱼.(参考文献 4389) 生活于靠近以及远离海岸.(参考文献 5217) 时常发现游离于水中在沿岸浅水区区域中与珊瑚礁的周围.(参考文献 26938) 短暂地吸附到包括鲨鱼， ，大的硬骨鱼类或海龟，鲸，海豚的多种寄主以及到船。 可能跟随潜水者。 (参考文献 9710) 吃小鱼，寄主吃剩的猎物块与寄主寄生虫。 (参考文献 26938) 稚鱼偶然地担任礁区的清洁工, 在哪里它们服务鹦哥鱼。 (参考文献 40095) 有时被当地人使用帮助钓鱼; 一条线被系到印鱼的尾梗然后被释放; 一旦吸附到其他鱼, 印鱼，而且它的寄主在藉由渔夫被拖网。 (参考文献 9682)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Circumtropical。 西大西洋: 加拿大的新斯科舍省與百慕達群島到烏拉圭.(參考文獻 7251,26938)
Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley, 1989. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 游钓鱼种: 是的; 水族馆: 商业性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 18.3 - 28.6, mean 27.2 °C (based on 566 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7539 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00263 (0.00112 - 0.00620), b=3.17 (2.96 - 3.38), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Assuming Fec < 10,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (66 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 22.5 [10.7, 37.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.59 [0.32, 0.99] mg/100g; Protein = 19.8 [18.7, 20.8] %; Omega3 = 0.128 [0.068, 0.250] g/100g; Selenium = 28.3 [13.0, 54.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 25.8 [8.3, 87.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.702 [0.456, 1.085] mg/100g (wet weight);
