分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Syngnathiformes (Pipefishes and seahorses) >
Syngnathidae (Pipefishes and seahorses) > Syngnathinae
Etymology: Hippocampus: Greek, ippos = horse + Greek,kampe = curvature (Ref. 45335); whitei: Name from Latin word for tall, referring to the tall coronet..
More on author: Bleeker.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 居于水底的; 非迁移的; 深度上下限 0 - 46 m (Ref. 4281), usually 1 - 25 m (Ref. 30915). 温带; 20°S - 35°S, 145°E - 160°E
Southwest Pacific: Australia.
西南太平洋: 索罗门群岛与澳洲。 来自莫桑比克南部的纪录与南非的纳塔尔是 海马 camelopardalis 的误鉴。 国际间的买卖被监视过一个授权系统 ( CITES2, 自从 5.15.04 以后) ，而且一个 10 公分的最小大小应用。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 8.3, range 8 - ? cm
Max length : 13.0 cm OT 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 30915); 11.0 cm OT (female); common length : 8.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 4281); 最大年龄: 5 年 (Ref. 93066)
简单描述
型态特徵 | 形态测量图
背的软条 (总数): 17-18. This species is distinguished from its congeners by the following set of characters: trunk rings 11; tail rings 34-35; dorsal fin rays 17-18; pectoral fin rays 16; subdorsal rings 3; subdorsal spines 4, superior trunk ridge ending with 3 enlarged spines, the superior tail ridge commencing with one enlarged spine (3/0,1,0); cleithral ring spines 3, one small spine at each end of pectoral-fin base, none at gill-opening, large single or double spine at ventral extent of head; with 2 small lateral head spines, one directly posterior of eye, one anterodorsally of operculum and ventral of coronet; with a distinct snout spine; no parietal spine or diminutive if present; single eye spine, large and protruding dorsally; small single or double spine, rugose, posteroventrally of eye; the coronet, distinct and tall, protruding anteriorly in juveniles, angled
dorsoposteriorly in adults, and with 5 small spines present on apex in a star-like arrangement;
superior trunk with enlarged spines on first and eigth tail ridges (Ref. 125503).
描述: (以 31件标本为依据): 成鱼的高度: 6.0-13.0 公分。 环: 11+35(32-36). 吻的长度: 2.3(2.0-2.7) 分之一头长。 背鳍鳍条: 18(16-20)个覆盖 2+1个环。
胸鳍鳍条: 16-17.(15-18) 冠: 高度地，向后倾斜有七个锐角或在顶端的点。 棘: 可变的, 低的适度发展的与相当锐利地圆形到。 其他的显着特性: 长的吻; 突出又锐利的眼棘; 单一或两根颊棘; 头部相当狭窄。
彩色斑纹: 暗灰褐色的到黄色的; 时常褐色班点的具有一个成网状黑色线条的网状图案; 可能有横过背外侧的表面的较灰白颜色的 '鞍状斑' 。
Occur in coastal estuaries and embayments (Ref. 125503); in shallow, weedy inshore areas and Zostera seagrass beds; also on sponges. Also under jetties on holdfasts of kelp, and on other man-made structures such as shark nets. Diurnal and site faithful (Ref. 30915). Female max length (Ref. 42735). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 205). The male carries the eggs in a brood pouch which is found under the tail (Ref. 205). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 128812.
在浅滩, 杂草丛生的近海区域与 Zostera 海草床中; 也吃海绵。 也在海藻的钩子上的突堤下面, 与在其他的人造结构例如鲨鱼网上。 日行性而且位置不变动.(参考文献 30915) 卵胎生的.(参考文献 205) 雄鱼带卵在一个孵卵袋是在尾部下面发现.(参考文献 205)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Gestation period 21-22 days depending on temperature (Ref. 30915). Monogamous and faithful to pair in the wild (Ref. 30915). Monogamous mating is observed as both obligate and genetic (Ref. 52884). Male carries the eggs in a brood pouch (Ref. 205).西南太平洋: 索罗门群岛与澳洲。 来自莫桑比克南部的纪录与南非的纳塔尔是 海马 camelopardalis 的误鉴。 国际间的买卖被监视过一个授权系统 ( CITES2, 自从 5.15.04 以后) ，而且一个 10 公分的最小大小应用。
Short, G., D. Harasti and H. Hamilton, 2019. Hippocampus whitei Bleeker, 1855, a senior synonym of the southern Queensland seahorse H. procerus Kuiter, 2001: molecular and morphological evidence (Teleostei, Syngnathidae). ZooKeys 824:109-133. (Ref. 125503)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)
濒危 (EN) (A2bc); Date assessed: 05 October 2016
人类利用
渔业: 低经济
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 21.7 - 27.1, mean 25.4 °C (based on 146 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00447 (0.00177 - 0.01127), b=3.00 (2.78 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Assuming annual Fec<1000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (12 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 152 [88, 414] mg/100g; Iron = 0.824 [0.417, 1.602] mg/100g; Protein = 17.4 [16.1, 18.8] %; Omega3 = 0.511 [0.228, 1.134] g/100g; Selenium = 17.9 [7.4, 44.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 8.22 [1.79, 36.79] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.07 [0.68, 1.68] mg/100g (wet weight);
![Image of Hippocampus whitei (White\](/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Hipro_u1.jpg "Image of Hippocampus whitei (White\")
![Image of Hippocampus whitei (White\](/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Hiwhi_f0.jpg "Image of Hippocampus whitei (White\")