Huso huso, Beluga : fisheries, aquaculture

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Huso huso (Linnaeus, 1758)

Beluga
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
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Huso huso   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Huso huso
Picture by Hartl, A.

分類 / Names 共通名の | 類義語 | Catalog of Fishes(部類, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Acipenseriformes (Sturgeons and paddlefishes) > Acipenseridae (Sturgeons) > Acipenserinae
Etymology: Huso: Latin, huso = swine (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態学

; 新鮮な水; 汽水性の; 昇流魚 (Ref. 51243); 深さの範囲 70 - 180 m. Temperate; 10°C - 20°C (Ref. 2059); 57°N - 35°N, 13°E - 60°E

分布 国々 | 国連食糧農業機関の区域 | エコシステム | 事件 | Point map | 導入 | Faunafri

Eurasia: Caspian, Black, Azov and Adriatic Sea basins.

Extirpated from Adriatic Sea.

Length at first maturity / サイズ / 重さ / 年齢

Maturity: Lm ?, range 200 - ? cm
Max length : 800 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 59043); common length : 215 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 3397); 最大公表体重: 3.2 t (Ref. 59043); 最大記録サイズ: 118 年 (Ref. 47437)

簡単な記述 形態学 | 形態計測学

背面の脊椎 (合計): 0; 背鰭 (合計): 62-73; 肛門の骨 0; 臀鰭: 28 - 41. Snout moderate and pointed, turning slightly upward. Lower lip not continuous, interrupted at center. Barbels oval or flat, leaf-like posteriorly, reaching almost to mouth. Five rows of scutes, dorsal 11-14 (first one smallest), lateral 41-52 on each side, ventral 9-11 on each side. Back ash-grey or greenish, flanks lighter, belly white.

生物学     用語集 (例 epibenthic)

Pelagic at the sea, following its prey. Undertakes upriver migration to spawn. Juveniles occur in shallow riverine habitats during their first summer. Spawns in the main course of large and deep rivers with strong current and on stone or gravel bottom (Ref. 59043). Feeds mostly on sea fishes (Black Sea whiting, anchovies, flatfishes, gobies, fry of bottom-living fishes), also crustaceans, mollusks, mysids and amphipods. Fisheries are based almost entirely on the value of the caviar, but meat also is sold fresh, smoked and frozen; eaten broiled, boiled, fried and baked (Ref. 9988). Bester, a hybrid of female Huso huso and male sterlet Acipenser ruthenus, has been successfully cultivated for its high quality eggs (Ref. 9988). The largest sturgeon and largest European freshwater fish. In Guinness Book of Records as the most expensive fish (Ref. 6472). Threatened due to overfishing for meat at the sea and for caviar in estuaries. These threats will soon cause global extinction of the natural populations. Survival can only depend on stocking (Ref. 59043).

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟 | 繁殖 | 放精 | | 生産力 | 幼生

Enters rivers from March, usually April and May (also in autumn). Survives largely by artificial propagation. About 360,000-7,700,000 eggs per female. Females carry eggs only once every five to seven years (Ref. 9988).

主な参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | コーディネーター | 協力者

Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof, 2007. Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043)

IUCNのレッドリストの状況は (Ref. 130435)

  絶滅寸前の危機的状況 (CR) (A2bcd); Date assessed: 14 September 2019

CITES


人間に対する脅威

  Harmless





Human uses

水産業: 商業; 水産養殖: 商業
FAO - 水産養殖: 代謝; 水産業: landings, 種の外形; Publication: search | FishSource | 私達の周りの海

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インターネットの情報源

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 7.7 - 15.6, mean 9.1 °C (based on 19 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.7500   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00447 (0.00269 - 0.00740), b=3.11 (2.97 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
栄養段階 (Ref. 69278):  4.4   ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref. 120179):  非常に低い, 14年以上の倍増期間の最小個体群 (K=0.1; tm=13-22; tmax=118; Fec=360,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Very high vulnerability (89 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Very high vulnerability (79 of 100).
価格帯 (Ref. 80766):   Unknown.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 6 [3, 12] mg/100g; Iron = 0.234 [0.128, 0.408] mg/100g; Protein = 17.9 [15.5, 20.5] %; Omega3 = 0.34 [0.15, 0.73] g/100g; Selenium = 27.1 [11.7, 60.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 5.85 [1.52, 24.89] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.331 [0.221, 0.505] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.