Brevoortia patronus, Gulf menhaden : fisheries

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Brevoortia patronus Goode, 1878

Gulf menhaden
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Brevoortia patronus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Brevoortia patronus (Gulf menhaden)
Brevoortia patronus
Picture by McDonald, D.L.

Classification / Names Nombres comunes | Sinónimos | Catalog of Fishes(Género, Especie) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Clupeiformes (Herrings) > Alosidae (Shads and Sardines)
Etymology: Brevoortia: From James Carson Brevoort (1818-1887), studie the fauna from Ohio and South Caroline (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Goode.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecología

marino; rango de profundidad 0 - 50 m (Ref. 188). Subtropical; 31°N - 19°N, 95°W - 80°W (Ref. 54290)

Distribución Países | Áreas FAO | Ecosistemas | Ocurrencias, apariciones | Point map | Introducciones | Faunafri

Western Central Atlantic: Gulf of Mexico (Florida Bay, Gulf of Campeche, Mexico), but no certain records from Caribbean.

Length at first maturity / Tamaño / Peso / Age

Maturity: Lm 18.5, range 15 - 22.5 cm
Max length : 35.0 cm SL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 7251); common length : 20.0 cm SL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 188)

Short description Morfología | Morfometría

Espinas dorsales (total): 0; Espinas anales 0. Scutes along belly; upper jaw with median notch. Pelvic fin with rounded hind margin, inner fin rays equal or nearly equal to outer fin rays when fin folded back. Pre-dorsal scales modified; scales in lateral series large, those on back and above anal fin base a little smaller and more irregular than rest. A black spot behind gill opening, followed by a series of spots along flank (Ref. 188). Back bluish gray, Sides brassy green (Ref. 37032).

Biología     Glosario (por ej. epibenthic)

Occur inshore in summer, but at least some moving into deeper waters from October (Mississippi Delta area). Feed in dense schools, filtering phytoplankton, but probably also feed at the bottom. Apparently breed in winter (October to February, with a peak in January). Salinity tolerance range from 0.1-60 ppt, but the commercial catch is mostly from 5.0-24 ppt. Marketed fresh, salted or canned. Mainly used as source of fish oil; also as fish meal (Ref. 188). Isopod is found in the mouth (Ref. 37032).

Life cycle and mating behavior Madurez | Reproducción | Puesta | Huevos | Fecundidad | Larva

Make inshore-offshore movements (Ref. 34923). Larvae stay in offshore waters for 3-5 weeks before moving into estuaries where they grow into adults (Ref. 34923).

Main reference Upload your references | Referencias | Coordinador | Colaboradores

Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 11 August 2011

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless





Human uses

Pesquerías: muy comercial
FAO - pesquerías: landings, species profile; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Más información

Nombres comunes
Sinónimos
Metabolismo
Despredadores
Ecotoxicología
Reproducción
Madurez
Puesta
Agregación para la puesta
Fecundidad
Huevos
Egg development
Age/Size
Crecimiento
Length-weight
Length-length
Length-frequencies
Morfometría
Morfología
Larva
Dinámica larvaria
Reclutamiento
Abundancia
BRUVS
Referencias
Acuicultura
Perfil de acuicultura
Razas
Genética
Electrophoreses
heritabilidad
Enfermedades
Procesamiento
Nutrients
Mass conversion
Colaboradores
Imágenes
Stamps, Coins Misc.
Sonidos
Ciguatera
Velocidad
Tipo de natación
Superficie branquial
Otolitos
Cerebros
Visión

Herramientas

Special reports

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Fuentes de Internet

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Género, Especie | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - pesquerías: landings, species profile; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome, nucleotide | GloBI | GoMexSI (interaction data) | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | OceanAdapt | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Árbol de la vida | Wikipedia: Go, búsqueda | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | Expediente Zoológico

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 23.2 - 26.8, mean 24.3 °C (based on 178 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5156   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00871 (0.00502 - 0.01510), b=3.11 (2.97 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Nivel trófico (Ref. 69278):  2.2   ±0.07 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 2.6 (2.2 - 3.0) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 33 growth studies.
Resiliencia (Ref. 120179):  Medio, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo de 1.4-4.4 años (K=0.15-0.47).
Prior r = 0.62, 95% CL = 0.41 - 0.92, Based on 1 stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low to moderate vulnerability (31 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  High to very high vulnerability (74 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766):   Low.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 109 [57, 187] mg/100g; Iron = 1.58 [0.86, 2.78] mg/100g; Protein = 19.1 [17.9, 20.3] %; Omega3 = 0.485 [0.287, 0.818] g/100g; Selenium = 20.8 [11.2, 43.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11.3 [3.3, 33.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.17 [0.80, 1.68] mg/100g (wet weight);